Volume-3 Issue-2, December 2013 – International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT)

B2432123213

IJEAT Journal — Mon, 22 Nov 2021 11:39:46 +0000

The International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) has ISSN: 2249-8958 (online), an open-access, peer-reviewed, periodical bi-monthly international journal, which is published by Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP) in February, April, June, August, October and December. The journal aims to publish high-quality peer–reviewed original articles in the area of Engineering and Technology that covers Computer Science and Engineering, Information Technology, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunication, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering and all interdisciplinary streams of Engineering and Technology. #Smart Computing and Information Processing #Signal and Speech Processing #Image Processing and Pattern Recognition #WSN#Artificial Intelligence and machine learning #Data mining and warehousing #Data Analytics #Deep learning #Bioinformatics #High Performance computing #Advanced Computer Networking #Cloud Computing #IoT #Parallel Computing on GPU #Human Computer Interactions #Recent Trends in Microelectronics and VLSI Design #Process & Device Technologies #Low-power design #Nanometer-scale integrated circuits #Application specific ICs (ASICs) #FPGAs #Nanotechnology #Nano electronics and Quantum Computing #3. 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Cooperative Relay Based Resource Allocation for OFDMA Network
S. Tamilselvan¹, R. Gajalakshmi², D. Prabakar³
¹S.Tamilselvan, M. Tech in Electronics and Communication Engineering from the Pondicherry Engineering College, India.
²R.Gajalakshmi, M. Tech in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, University, Pondicherry, India.
³D. Prabakar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering from affiliated to Anna University, India.
Manuscript received on January 29, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on December 12, 2013. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2013. | PP: 211-218 | Volume-3, Issue-2, December 2013. | Retrieval Number: B2432123213/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Cooperative relaying is a promising technique for Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) networks to satisfy high throughput demand and support heterogeneous communication services with diverse quality-of-service (QoS) requirements. Optimal relay selection, power allocation and sub carrier assignment scheme under a total power constrain is proposed for a Qos aware resource allocation for multi user cooperative OFDMA network. The relay selection, power allocation and subcarrier assignment problem are formulated as a joint optimization problem with the objective of maximizing system throughput. User at the cell edge and shadowing degrade the signal quality, hence cooperative relaying is very promising solution to provide better throughput and coverage extension. Combining OFDMA and cooperative relaying assures high throughput enhancement for user at cell edge .Throughput enhancement problem is solved by two level dual composition and sub gradient method. To further reduce the computational cost, low complexity suboptimal schemes are also proposed in this work. Simulation result indicates that the proposed scheme will guarantee the users Qos requirement and maximize the system throughput.
Keywords: OFDMA network, Cooperative relaying, Relay selection, Resource allocation, Joint optimization, QoS, LTE-A.

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B2413123213

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 10:34:45 +0000

Tensile Strength of Ferro Cement With Respect to Specific Surface
Sayyed Shoheb Navid¹, Swayambhu S. Bhalsing², Pankaj B. Autade³
¹Mr. Sayyed Shoheb Navid, ME Structure, Dr. Vithalrao Vikhe Patil College of Engineering, Ahmednagar. Member of Ferrocement Society.
²Mr. Swayambhu S Bhalsing, M.E Structure, Dr. Vithalrao Vikhe Patil College of Engineering , Ahmednagar. Member of Ferrocement Society.
³Mr. Pankaj B. Autade, Asst. Prof. Dr. Vithalrao Vikhe Patil College of Engineering A’Nagar.
Manuscript received on November 21, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on December 10, 2013. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2013. | PP: 473-475 | Volume-3, Issue-2, December 2013. | Retrieval Number: B2413123213/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Ferrocement is a term commonly used to describe a steel-and-mortar composite material .Essentially a form of reinforced concrete, it exhibits behavior so different from conventional reinforced concrete in performance, strength, and potential application that it must be classed as a completely separate material. It differs from conventional reinforced concrete in that its reinforcement consists of closely spaced, multiple layers of steel mesh completely impregnated with cement mortar. The use of ferrocement is a promising technology for increasing the flexural strength of deficient reinforced concrete members. The study reported herein investigates the increase in tension due to increase in contact area between wire meshes and mortar, i.e. increase in specific surface of ferrocement. For achieving higher values of specific surface, No. of Layers of meshes needs to be increased. So in a beam if we use ferrocement in tensile zone of beam, we will be in a position to replace steel bars used in R.C.C, saving in steel is thus achieved. Behavior of such Ferrocement is studied which includes following mechanical properties for determining the relations between the tensile strength of ferrocement with respect to the specific surface using various combination of mortar and meshes which is to be used in ferrocement. 1. Tensile Strength. 2. Compressive Strength. 3. Split Tensile Strength.
Keywords: Tensile Strength, Compressive Strength.

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B2511123213

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 10:28:13 +0000

Water Quality in River Basin
Er. M. Manikanda Ramkumar
¹Er. M. Manikanda Ramkumar, Department Of Civil Engineering, Karunya University, Coimbatore, (Tamil nadu), India.
Manuscript received on November 27, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on December 13, 2013. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2013. | PP: 470-472 | Volume-3, Issue-2, December 2013. | Retrieval Number: B2511123213/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: To analysis the quality of water in river basin with the following objectives.
Keywords: Water, Quality, River, Basi.

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B2517123213

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 10:20:36 +0000

An Implementation of Efficient Text Data Compression
Virendra Kumar Swarnkar¹, K. J. Satao²
¹Virendra Kumar Swarnkar, Computer Science & Engineering; Bharti College of Engineering & Technology, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India.
²Prof. K. J. Satao, Computer Science & Engineering; Head, Department of Information Technology, Rungta College of Engineering & Technology, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.
Manuscript received on November 27, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on December 13, 2013. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2013. | PP: 1-5 | Volume-3, Issue-2, December 2013. | Retrieval Number: B2517123213/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: The size of data related to a wide range of applications is growing rapidly. Typically a character requires 1 Byte for storing. Compression of the data is very important for data management. Data compression is the process by which the physical size of data is reduced to save on memory or improve traffic speeds on a website. The purpose of data compression is to make a file smaller by minimizing the amount of data present. When a file is compressed, it can be reduced to as little as 25% of its original size which makes it easier to send to others over the internet. Data compression may take extensions such as zip, rar, ace, and BZ2. It is normally done using special compression software. Compression serves both to save storage space and to save transmission time. The aim of compression is to produce a new file, as short as possible, containing the compressed version of the same text. Grand challenges such as the human generated project involve very large distributed databases of text documents, whose effective storage and communication requires a major research and development effort. Several text compression schemes have been introduced for reducing storage space and transfer time via a computer network. The aim of this paper is to introduce a scheme for text data compression which will take less storage space, will yield better compression rate and compression ratio.
Keywords: Data compression, Data decompression, Compression algorithms, Compression ratio, Compression rate.

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B2512123213

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 10:17:22 +0000

Optimization of Cutting Parameters on Surface Roughness Using CNC Turning
A.Sathyavathi¹, M.R. Rajaraman², B. Kumaragurubaran³, P.Gopal⁴
¹A.Sathyavathi, BIT Campus, University College of Engineering, Tiruchirappalli, (T.N) India.
²M.R. Rajaraman, BIT Campus, University College of Engineering, Tiruchirappalli, (T.N) India.
³B.Kumaragurubaran, BIT Campus, University College of Engineering, Tiruchirappalli, (T.N) India.
⁴P.Gopal, BIT Campus, University College of Engineering, Tiruchirappalli, (T.N) India.
Manuscript received on November 27, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on December 13, 2013. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2013. | PP:460-465 | Volume-3, Issue-2, December 2013. | Retrieval Number: B2512123213/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Paper Optimization of cutting parameters is important for achievement of high quality. Taguchi method of experimental design is one of the widely accepted techniques for off line quality assurance of products and processes. In this investigation, comparison of Ti BN coated on carbide tool using Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) machine and uncoated carbide tool, under dry condition. The chemical composition of Ti BN is 0.55% Ti, 0.22%B, 0.22%N .The Work piece material is taken as Aluminium and Copper. Experiment is carried out using Taguchi’s L27 orthogonal array. The effect of cutting parameters on SR was evaluated and optimum cutting conditions for minimizing the SR was determined. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for identifying the significant parameters affecting the responses and Comparing the result with genetic algorithms.
Keywords: Computer numerical control, Surface Roughness, Optimization, Tool.

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B2518123213

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 10:11:58 +0000

Survey of Image Fusion Techniques for Brain Tumor Detection
S.L. Jany Shabu¹, Dr. C. Jayakumar², T. Surya³
¹S.L. Jany Shabu, Computer Science and Engineering, Sathyabama University, Chennai, India.
²Dr.C. Jayakumar, Professor Computer Science and Engineering, R.M.K. Engineering College ,Kavaraipettai, India.
³T. Surya, Computer Science and Engineering, Sathyabama University, Chennai, India.
Manuscript received on November 25, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on December 15, 2013. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2013. | PP: 457-459 | Volume-3, Issue-2, December 2013. | Retrieval Number: B2518123213/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Image Fusion is the process of combining relevant information from two or more images into a single composite image. Image fusion is used to detect the tumor by integrating two or more medical images. In this paper, we propose Genetic algorithm to detect the brain tumor, which generate solutions to optimization problems using techniques, such as selection, crossover and mutation. Before applying genetic algorithm, features of the images are extracted. Feature Extraction is a form of dimensionality reduction and it can be either general feature, such as extraction of color, texture and shape features.
Keywords: Feature Extraction, Genetic Algorithm, Image Fusion.

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B2499123213

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 09:59:13 +0000

Modelling and Simulation of Ambient Carbon Monoxide
Sudhir Nigam¹, Rashmi Nigam², Sangeeta Kapoor³
¹Sudhir Nigam, Department of Civil Engineering, LNCTS, Raisen Road, Bhopal (M P), India.
²Rashmi Nigam, Department of Mathematics, UIT,Rajiv Gandhi Technical University, Bhopal, (M.P.) India.
³Sangeeta Kapoor, Department of Engg Physics LNCTS, Raisen Road Bhopal, (M P), India.
Manuscript received on November 27, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on December 13, 2013. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2013. | PP: 403-409 | Volume-3, Issue-2, December 2013. | Retrieval Number: B2499123213/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Air pollution affects both the health and environment of living organisms. In large urban cities the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) gas from the transport sector pose unprecedented risks being a silent and lethal killer. In order to eradicate the adverse impact of CO pollution, there exists a need for an early warning system, which may be of immense help to manage and regulate ambient CO concentrations. CO emission and its dispersion is a non-linear problem which can be vividly expressed using artificial neural network (ANN) computations. In this paper an attempt is made to simulate concentration of CO gas based on historical data using ANN. Eleven years (1996-2006), morning time (06.00hrs-14.00hrs) CO emission data from ITO square of Delhi has been employed for modelling and simulation. The ANN are regarded as an efficient and optimised architectures for capturing the inherited codes of processes and technique for estimation as compare traditional statistical techniques. The modelling result shows comparable matching with the measured ambient values of CO.
Keywords: Simulation, Modelling, Concentration, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Real time analysis.

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B2516123213

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 09:53:59 +0000

A Secure Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Approach without Inversion
Jaya Bhaskar Muthukuru¹, B. Sathyanarayana²
¹Dr Jaya Bhaskar Muthu kuru, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, KL University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, India.
²Prof. B. Sathyanarayana, Department of Computer Science & Technology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University. Ananthapur, India.
Manuscript received on November 25, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on December 12, 2013. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2013. | PP: 454-456 | Volume-3, Issue-2, December 2013. | Retrieval Number: B2516123213/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) is the elliptic curve analogue of the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA). Unlike the ordinary discrete logarithm problem elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP) has no sub-exponential time algorithm, due to this the strength per key bit is substantially greater when compare with conventional discrete logarithm systems. Elliptic curve based digital signatures are stronger and ideal for constrained environments like smart cards due to smaller bit size, thereby reducing processing overhead. Considering the security of data it is lacking regarding random number choosing or determination. This lacking leads to recovery of the private key in original Elliptic Curve Digital Signature scheme. This problem is overcome by our proposed digital signature scheme which is presented in this paper.
Keywords: Digital Signature, ECDSA, Elliptic Curve Cryptography, Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm.

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B2515123213

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 09:49:29 +0000

Object Detection and Tracking on Three Dimensional Images Based-on a New Multishape Search- Pattern
Magdi B. M. Amien¹, Alia M. A. Sidig², Raza K. Yusif³
¹Magdi B. M. Amien, Dept. of Electronics Engineering & Technology, University of Gezira, Sudan.
²Alia M. A. Sidig, Dept. of Electronics Engineering & Technology, University of Gezira, Sudan.
³Razaz K. Yusif, Dept. of Electronics Engineering & Technology, University of Gezira, Sudan.
Manuscript received on November 25, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on December 15, 2013. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2013. | PP: 450-453 | Volume-3, Issue-2, December 2013. | Retrieval Number: B2515123213/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Object detection and motion estimation are important issues in many different fields. They are widely and comprehensively used in military, robot industry, movie technology, medical field, and others. Therefore they have been the motivation of many research activities, through image and video processing. Among tens of available literature a number of approaches have been tried, but Block Matching, Optical Flow, and Block Flow are the famous techniques. This study introduces a new framework to deal with object detection and trajectory tracking problem, in a sequences of 3D ultrasound frames; firstly the traditional Block-Matching algorithm has been modified into a new multishape-search-pattern, and then we use combination of the modified-model and optical flow algorithm in a “cascade” to detect and determine the trajectory of the interested object. Atrial septal defect (ASD) has been selected as an object of case-study, and 3D ultrasound videos from “Khalifa-Hospital in Abu-Dhabi” were used as a data set, to evaluate the performance of the implemented algorithm. Comparative results show that the proposed scheme has a significant improvement in detecting and tracking ASDs, in terms of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and computing velocity.
Keywords: Block Matching, Computer vision technology, Objects-Detection.

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B2514123213

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 16 Nov 2021 09:41:18 +0000

Thermo-Structural Response of a Rocket Thruster Using Fem
Deepthi Ch¹, G. Vijay Kumar², P Ravindra Reddy³
¹Deepthi Ch, M. Tech, Department of Mechanical Engineering, PVPSIT, Vijayawada, India.
²Dr. G. Vijay Kumar, Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, PVPSIT, Vijayawada, India.
³Dr. P Ravindra Reddy, HOD, Department of Mechanical Engineering, CBIT, Hyderabad, India.
Manuscript received on November 27, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on December 13, 2013. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2013. | PP: 442-449 | Volume-3, Issue-2, December 2013. | Retrieval Number: B2514123213/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Rocket Thruster is a reaction control system of liquid rocket propulsion system, used for the attitude control of missile. The reaction control system is employed in the missile to provide roll control to the second stage after separation of the first stage. The thruster is subjected to temperature and pressure loads during its operation. It is essential for a flight vehicle to have low weight and high velocity to overcome the gravity. In order to develop compact size thruster, it is required to carry out structural analysis for SS321 material. The present report deals with analysis of Rocket Thruster casing and flange joint. The Rocket Thruster casing is designed as per ASME pressure vessel code and NASA SP 125 design report. The proposed model is a modification from the conventional joint between L-dome and injector plate. Thermo-structural analysis is performed to evaluate the new design which eliminates use of welded joint. Analysis is carried out to estimate stresses especially in the modified region to ensure less stresses are developed compared to the original design. Analysis has been carried out considering the external injector pressure for shell and then the temperature loads are applied on the thruster to estimate the deformations and stresses. The Thruster is then subjected to a thermo-structural load and then von Mises stresses are estimated.
Keywords: Finite Element Method, Thermo-structural response, Rocket Thruster.

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