Volume-2 Issue-3, February 2013 – International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT)

C5345029320

IJEAT Journal — Wed, 17 Nov 2021 10:54:13 +0000

The International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) has ISSN: 2249-8958 (online), an open-access, peer-reviewed, periodical bi-monthly international journal, which is published by Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP) in February, April, June, August, October and December. The journal aims to publish high-quality peer–reviewed original articles in the area of Engineering and Technology that covers Computer Science and Engineering, Information Technology, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunication, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering and all interdisciplinary streams of Engineering and Technology. #Smart Computing and Information Processing #Signal and Speech Processing #Image Processing and Pattern Recognition #WSN#Artificial Intelligence and machine learning #Data mining and warehousing #Data Analytics #Deep learning #Bioinformatics #High Performance computing #Advanced Computer Networking #Cloud Computing #IoT #Parallel Computing on GPU #Human Computer Interactions #Recent Trends in Microelectronics and VLSI Design #Process & Device Technologies #Low-power design #Nanometer-scale integrated circuits #Application specific ICs (ASICs) #FPGAs #Nanotechnology #Nano electronics and Quantum Computing #3. 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Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis using Deep Learning Techniques
Ahmad Waleed Salehi¹, Preety Baglat², Gaurav Gupta³
¹Dr. Gaurav Gupta*, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, India.
²Preety Baglat, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, India.
³Gaurav Gupta, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Manuscript received on February 01, 2020. | Revised Manuscript received on February 05, 2020. | Manuscript published on February 30, 2020. | PP: 874-880 | Volume-9 Issue-3, February, 2020. | Retrieval Number: C5345029320/2020©BEIESP | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.C5345.029320
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Deep learning is one of the machine learning approach which has shown promising results and performance as compare to traditional algorithms of machine learning in terms of high dimensional data of MRI brain image. In this article the application of deep learning in medical field is addressed. A thorough review of various algorithms of deep learning for diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease is done, in which this disease is a progressive brain disorder that destroy the brain memory gradually, it is a common disease in older adults which is caused by dementia. It has been obtained in most research papers that the most widely used and represented algorithm is Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) when it deals with brain image analysis. After study of various related papers for diagnosing of AD, we have come to this point and suggested that the AD prediction at earlier stages can be increased by using an advance deep learning techniques in different dataset (ADNI, OASIS) combining to one.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, Deep Learning, CNN, ADNI, Neuroimaging Classification.

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C1079022313

IJEAT Journal — Mon, 08 Nov 2021 05:28:49 +0000

An ZVS DC-DC converter for High voltage and Efficiency Gain With Reduced Ripple Current
S. Freeda Angeline Rachel¹, J. Jency Joseph²
¹S.Freeda Angeline Rachel, Department of EEE, Karunya University, Coimbatore, India.
²J.Jency Joseph, Department of EEE, Karunya University, Coimbatore, India.
Manuscript received on January 16, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on February 14, 2013. | Manuscript published on February 30, 2013. | PP: 245-248 | Volume-2 Issue-3, February 2013. | Retrieval Number: C1079022313 /2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: The power-generation market, has shown obvious growth. However, a high voltage and efficiency gain is essential for the fuel cell and PV panel and for other appliances. The high step –up converter in the proposed converter provides ripple free input current. The full bridge converter provides high voltage gain. An APWM Full Bridge Boost converters are widely used in application where the output voltage is considerably higher than the input voltage. Zero Voltage Switching(ZVS )is typically implemented in the switches. ZVS APWM DC-DC Full bridge converter that does not have any drawbacks of that other converters of this type have such as complicated auxillary circuit, increased current stress in the main power switches and the load dependent ZVS operation. In this proposed method an interleaved technique of Boost and Full Bridge converter is used. The different modes of operation of MOSFET has been discussed.. Moreover converter has high efficiency because of soft switching operation in switches. A 24V input voltage, 350V output voltage, and 168W output power simulation circuit of the proposed converter has been implemented and its efficiency is up to 87.5% .
Keywords: Full bridge converter, Boost converter, Zero-voltage switching, Soft switching, ZVS-APWM clamping circuit.

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C1076022313

IJEAT Journal — Wed, 03 Nov 2021 11:33:39 +0000

Review Paper on Image Processing in Distributed Environment
Sandeep Kaur¹, Manisha Bhardwaj²
¹Sandeep Kaur, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandhigarh, India.
²Manisha bhardwaj B. Tech from College of Engineering and Management kapurthala and M. Tech in CSE from Chandhigarh, India.
Manuscript received on January 22, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on February 13, 2013. | Manuscript published on February 30, 2013. | PP: 238-239 | Volume-2, Issue-3, February 2013. | Retrieval Number: C1076022313/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: In distributed image processing framework consist of analy sing the performance through distributed control. It is also includes data association and dynamic data control. In this paper various distributed environments are discussed and shows how distributed image processing algorithms work by using dynamic data for a particular application.
Keywords: Distributed Image processing, Data association.

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A4755106116

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 02 Nov 2021 03:56:43 +0000

A Simple Scheme for Measurement of Power Frequency Deviation
Arshi Salamat
Arshi Salamat, Department of Electrical Engineering Section, University Polytechnic Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India.
Manuscript received on January 20, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on February 15, 2013. | Manuscript published on February 28, 2013. | PP: 665-668 | Volume-2 Issue-3, February 2013. | Retrieval Number: A4755106116/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Measurement of power frequency deviation is important for the design of power system equipments such as stabilizers, frequency meters etc. This paper has suggested a monitoring scheme using a 90 0 phase shifter. The use of phase shifter makes it easier to compare the two frequencies, the nominal and deviated frequency. The shifted and normal frequency signals are combined through EX-OR gate. If the power frequency differs from its nominal value, a difference in the pulse counts of two successive pulses occur which will be proportional to amount of deviated frequency. This method has advantage of providing high resolution. Also it is very simple and less expensive as compare to other methods. The scheme is implemented using 8085 microprocessor.
Keywords: Zero Crossing Detector, Deviation, Phase shifter, Resolution.

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C1156022313

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 02 Nov 2021 03:52:55 +0000

A Survey on Parallel Partition Prime Multiple Algorithm
Anjali Singla¹, Jagpreet Kaur²
¹Anjali Singla, Computer Science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
²Jagpreet Kaur, Computer Science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
Manuscript received on January 30, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on February 17, 2013. | Manuscript published on February 28, 2013. | PP: 661-664 | Volume-2 Issue-3, February 2013. | Retrieval Number: C1156022313/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: One of the important problems in data mining research is discovering Association rules from databases of transactions, where each transaction contains a set of items. In this dissertation work and improved approach proposed for parallel association rule mining. I proposed a new parallel partition prime multiple algorithms for association rule mining. Partition prime multiple algorithm addresses the shortcoming of previously proposed parallel buddy prime algorithm. New efficient algorithm proposed for load balancing. The proposed algorithm for parallel frequent item set mining and load balancing reduces the time and data complexity and divide transactional database efficiently for good load balancing among the processor.
Keywords: Association Rule, Load Balancing Algorithm.

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C1072022313

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 02 Nov 2021 03:48:44 +0000

Analysis and Design of R.C. Deep Beams by Using Newzealand Code and Comparison with Experimental Results Using Strain Gauges
Sudarshan D. Kore¹, S.S. Patil²
¹Sudarshan D. Kore, Department of Civil Engineering, Bhivarabai Savant College of Engineering and Research, Narhe, Pune, Maharastra, India.
²Prof. S.S. Patil, Professor & Head, Department of Civil Engineering, Walchand Institute of Technology, Solapur Maharastra, India.
Manuscript received on January 19, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on February 04, 2013. | Manuscript published on February 28, 2013. | PP: 655-660 | Volume-2 Issue-3, February 2013. | Retrieval Number: C1072022313/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: This paper describes analysis and design of beams subjected to two points loading with three different L/D ratios using non linear finite element analysis. The codes used were I.S.456-2000, NEWZEALAND, CANADIAN, CIRIA GUIDE2(1977) and ACI 318 are used for design purpose, to plot the variation of flexural stress, strains and shear stress in deep beam.
Keywords: Deep Beam, Code provisions, Strain, Stress etc.

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C1041022313

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 02 Nov 2021 03:43:48 +0000

Statistical Assessment of New Coordinated Design of PSSs and SVC via Hybrid Algorithm
Ali, E. S.¹, Abd-Elazim, S. M²
¹E. S. Ali, Electric Power and Machine Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
²S. M. Abd-Elazim, Electric Power and Machine Department, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Manuscript received on January 21, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on February 10, 2013. | Manuscript published on February 28, 2013. | PP: 647-654 | Volume-2 Issue-3, February 2013. | Retrieval Number: C1041022313 /2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: The assessment of new coordinated design of Power System Stabilizers (PSSs) and Static Var Compensator (SVC) in a multimachine power system via statistical method is proposed in this paper. The coordinated design problem of PSSs and SVC over a wide range of loading conditions is formulated as an optimization problem. The Bacterial Swarming Optimization (BSO), which synergistically couples the Bacterial Foraging (BF) with the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), is employed to search for optimal controllers parameters. By minimizing the proposed objective function, in which the speed deviations between generators are involved; stability performance of the system is improved. To compare the capability of PSS and SVC, both are designed independently, and then in a coordinated manner. Simultaneous tuning of the BSO based coordinated controller gives robust damping performance over wide range of operating conditions and large disturbance in compare to optimized PSS controller based on BSO (BSOPSS) and optimized SVC controller based on BSO (BSOSVC). Moreover, a statistical T test is performed to ensure the effectiveness of coordinated controller versus uncoordinated one.
Keywords: Statistical T test, SVC, PSSs, Multimachine Power System, Coordinated design, Bacteria Swarm Optimization.

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C1194022313

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 02 Nov 2021 03:36:13 +0000

A Method for Estimating the Effects of Functionality Risk
Ramandeep Kaur¹, Neha Malhotra²
¹Ramandeep Kaur, Student, Done M.sc (IT) from Punjabi University Patiala, India.
²Neha Malhotra, Assistant Professor in Department Of CSE, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
Manuscript received on January 22, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on February 08, 2013. | Manuscript published on February 28, 2013. | PP: 644-646 | Volume-2 Issue-3, February 2013. | Retrieval Number: C1194022313/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: In the field of Software Engineering software risk management is an important area. Due to the complex nature of software development industry there are many types of risks which can cause project failure. From such risks developing wrong software functions is one due to which many problems can arise. If effects of this risk are not estimated it would pose problems for the success of the project. By estimating the effects of developing wrong software functions developer will come to know which problem they have to face with the occurrence of this risk and considering these effects developer can take appropriate action to manage this risk. So, We are proposing a FCM based tool to estimate the effects of developing wrong software functions.
Keywords: Risk Management, Fuzzy Cognitive map.

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C1224022313

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 02 Nov 2021 03:28:35 +0000

Shrinkage Properties of HPC using Granite Powder as Fine Aggregate
Felixkala T.¹, Sethuraman V. S.²
¹Felixkala T, Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute University, Chennai, (T.N),India.
²Sethuraman V.S, Asst. Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute University, Chennai, (T.N),India.
Manuscript received on January 21, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on February 06, 2013. | Manuscript published on February 28, 2013. | PP: 637-643 | Volume-2 Issue-3, February 2013. | Retrieval Number: C1224022313/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Shrinkage is the time-dependant decrease in concrete volume compared with the original placement volume of concrete. Shrinkage potential of a high performance concrete is perhaps the most important consideration which affects the long-term strength and durability, and hence efforts are being made to reduce the shrinkage and shrinkage cracks. The main objective of this experimental work was to investigate the shrinkage properties of concrete made with granite powder as fine aggregate and partial replacement of cement with combination of admixtures. The granite powder, one of the byproducts in stone crushing process, not being used for any applications other than filling-up low lying areas was identified as a replacement material for river sand in concrete. Admixtures such as silica fume, fly ash, slag and superplasticiser have the inherent ability to contribute to continued strength development and very high durability. In the present work, concrete made with 25% of granite powder as a replacement of sand and with 10% of Fly ash, 10% of ground granulated blast-furnace slag, 7.5% of silica fume and 1% of superplasticiser as a replacement of cement were considered. The results indicated that concrete specimens produced with admixture and granite powder has lesser shrinkage parameters like maximum length of crack, minimum width of crack, total number of cracks as compared with conventional concrete specimens. The test results also indicated that the values of both plastic and drying shrinkage strains of concrete in the granite powder with admixture concrete specimens were greater than those of ordinary concrete specimens.
Keywords: HPC, Granite powder, admixtures, plastic shrinkage, drying shrinkage and crac.

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C1211022313

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 02 Nov 2021 03:22:27 +0000

Design of A Low Voltage Low Power CMOS Current Mirror with Enhanced Dynamic Range
Ramanand Harijan¹, Padma Devi², Pawan Kumar³
¹Ramanand Harijan, Department of ECE & EEE, BM Group of Institution, Gurgaon, India.
²Padma Devi, Department of ECE, CTIEMT, Shahpur, Jalandhar, India.
³Pawan Kumar, Department of ECE , GITM Bilashpur Gurgaon, India.
Manuscript received on January 26, 2013. | Revised Manuscript received on February 17, 2013. | Manuscript published on February 28, 2013. | PP: 632-636 | Volume-2 Issue-3, February 2013. | Retrieval Number: C1211022313/2013©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: 32A novel cascode current mirror (CM), suitable for operation at low voltage levels is presented. The mirror has high input and high output voltage swings. The presented current mirror circuit combines the advantages of wide input swing, wide output swing and large output resistance capability which makes it attractive for low-voltage and low power application. Based on IBM 0.18um MOS model parameters, TSPICE simulation results show that the input current range of 1uA to 2mA with 882.83MHz bandwidth for the presented level shifted low voltage current mirror circuit. The power dissipation has improved by more than 40%.
Keywords: Current mirror, Low voltage current mirror, level shifted Current mirror, Level shifted low voltage current mirror, Dynamic range.

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