Volume-13 Issue-1, October 2023 – International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT)

A42991013123

IJEAT Journal — Thu, 26 Oct 2023 11:50:49 +0000

The International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) has ISSN: 2249-8958 (online), an open-access, peer-reviewed, periodical bi-monthly international journal, which is published by Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP) in February, April, June, August, October and December. The journal aims to publish high-quality peer–reviewed original articles in the area of Engineering and Technology that covers Computer Science and Engineering, Information Technology, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunication, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering and all interdisciplinary streams of Engineering and Technology. #Smart Computing and Information Processing #Signal and Speech Processing #Image Processing and Pattern Recognition #WSN#Artificial Intelligence and machine learning #Data mining and warehousing #Data Analytics #Deep learning #Bioinformatics #High Performance computing #Advanced Computer Networking #Cloud Computing #IoT #Parallel Computing on GPU #Human Computer Interactions #Recent Trends in Microelectronics and VLSI Design #Process & Device Technologies #Low-power design #Nanometer-scale integrated circuits #Application specific ICs (ASICs) #FPGAs #Nanotechnology #Nano electronics and Quantum Computing #3. Challenges of Industry and their Solutions, Communications #Advanced Manufacturing Technologies #Artificial Intelligence #Autonomous Robots #Augmented Reality #Big Data Analytics and Business Intelligence #Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) #Digital Clone or Simulation #Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) #Manufacturing IoT #Plant Cyber Security #Smart Solutions – Wearable Sensors and Smart Glasses #System Integration #Small Batch Manufacturing #Visual Analytics #Virtual Reality #3D Printing # Internet of Things (IoT) #Internet of Things (IoT) & IoE & Edge Computing #Distributed Mobile Applications Utilizing IoT#Security, Privacy and Trust in IoT & IoE #Standards for IoT Applications #Ubiquitous Computing #Block Chain-enabled IoT Device and Data Security and Privacy #Application of WSN in IoT #Cloud Resources Utilization in IoT #Wireless Access Technologies for IoT #Mobile Applications and Services for IoT #Machine/ Deep Learning with IoT & IoE #Smart Sensors and Internet of Things for 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Interval Type – 2 Fuzzy Logic Controller Based Shunt Active Power Filter for Power Quality Enhencement
Hamisu Usman¹, Nuraddeen Magaji²

¹Hamisu Usman, Department of Electrical Engineering, Bayero University Nigeria, Kano, Nigeria.

²Nuraddeen Magaji, Department of Electrical Engineering, Bayero University Nigeria, Kano, Nigeria.

Open Access | Editorial and Publishing Policies | Cite | Zenodo | Indexing and Abstracting
© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Frequent widespread use of power electronics equipment by consumers has led to power quality problems in the power system network, due to their nonlinearity. Due to this problem, the current and voltage waveforms are no longer sinusoidal, resulting in the generation of harmonics. Various methods have been deployed to mitigate harmonic issues, including passive power filters and shunt active power filters. Presently, passive power filters are limited in use because of their demerits, including the production of parallel resonances, being heavy in size, and mitigating only a few harmonics. With the advancement in technology, shunt active power filters have become superior to passive power filters due to their limitations. Shunt active power filters were tested for suppressing harmonics produced by nonlinear loads. This article uses a synchronous reference frame (SRF) in generating harmonics produced by nonlinear loads. However, T2FLC is used to control the DC bus voltage of the filter constant. A hysteresis current controller was introduced to fire the gating signal of the IGBT inverter circuit. MATLAB software was deployed in the simulation work. Results obtained have satisfied the tolerable 2014 revised harmonics limit.

Keywords: SRF, Harmonic Issues, T2FLC
Scope of the Article: Fuzzy Logic

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A43101013123

IJEAT Journal — Thu, 26 Oct 2023 11:46:33 +0000

Reliability Comparison of Rural & Urban LVDS Networks with Corresponding HVDS Networks Including Substation Reliability
G Vasantha¹, E. Vidya Sagar²

¹G Vasantha, Department of Electrical Engineering, University College of Engineering, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

²Dr. E. Vidyasagar, Department of Electrical Engineering, University College of Engineering, Osmania University, HYDERABAD, Telangana, India.

Abstract: This paper primarily compares the reliability of an existing rural area and urban area LVDS (low-voltage distribution system) with their respective proposed HVDS (high-voltage distribution system) and includes their 33/11 kV Substation. Ring main substation and single bus bar substation configuration are considered for urban and rural distribution systems respectively. The reliability of a ring bus substation used in urban areas is higher than that of a single bus substation used in rural areas. The load point reliability indices are calculated considering both substation reliability indices and radial feeder indices. The substation failure rate is calculated using the overlapping outages approach, whereas the radial feeder indices are computed using the cut set approach. Furthermore, the LVDS Network is converted into the HVDS Network by replacing a high-voltage distribution transformer (DTR) that supplies a large number of customers with multiple small-rating distribution transformers near consumer terminals, each serving a smaller number of customers. This conversion results in a Minimum length of LT Lines in HVDS, leading to an improved voltage profile, reliability, and efficiency. In this paper, the disconnecting switches and alternative supply are also considered for both LVDS and HVDS Networks in the calculation of reliability to assess the radial distribution system (FMEA). Failure mode and effect analysis is used. This study utilises an LVDS and HVDS system, employing an alternative power source and disconnectors, to assess the reliability indices of the rural area network and urban area network distribution systems. In this paper, the critical distribution reliability indices to reduce system average interruption durations (SAIDI), Energy Not Supplied (ENS) and ASAI for LVDS and corresponding HVDS are calculated. The research idea is proposed on an Indian practical network.

Keywords: LVDS, HVDS, Reliability Evaluation, System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI), Customer Average Interruption Duration Index (CAIDI), Energy Not Supplied (ENS) , Average Service Availability Index (ASAI).
Scope of the Article: Reliability

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A43051013123

IJEAT Journal — Thu, 26 Oct 2023 11:39:35 +0000

Using Digital Twin Technology to Overcome Challenges in Civil Engineering and Construction: A Review
Krish Shah

Krish Shah, Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Ahmedabad International School, Ahmedabad (Gujarat), India.

Abstract: The purpose of this review article is to address the existing knowledge gap by presenting an extensive overview of the diverse uses of digital technology (DT) in the fields of construction and civil engineering. Additionally, it seeks to demonstrate how DT can effectively mitigate the challenges faced by the sector. A comprehensive review is conducted by collating insights from recent research papers worldwide and providing a holistic, timeefficient, and tailored understanding of Digital Twin Technology in Civil Engineering and Construction. The review spanned critical areas including infrastructure construction, structural health monitoring, energy efficiency in buildings, seismic evaluation of buildings, safety of heritage buildings, and the diverse applications of digital twins in construction design, monitoring and management. This study acts as a thorough guide for experts, providing them with a consolidated source of knowledge. With the complexities of the construction industry, understanding how digital twins can provide solutions is crucial. Professionals can use this technology to assure not only efficiency but also sustainability, which is becoming increasingly important in today’s environment.

Keywords: Digital Twin, Technology, Challenges, Construction, Civil Engineering
Scope of the Article: Construction Engineering

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A43011013123

IJEAT Journal — Thu, 26 Oct 2023 11:35:44 +0000

Model of WebGIS Based Sustainable Smart Land Use for Merauke Regency South Papua
Heru Ismanto¹, Abner Doloksaribu², Diana Sri Susanti³

¹Heru Ismanto, Department of Informatics Engineering, Universitas Musamus Merauke, South Papua, Indonesia.

²Abner Doloksaribu, Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Musamus Merauke, South Papua, Indonesia.

³Diana Sri Susanti, Department of Agroteknologi, Universitas Musamus Merauke, South Papua, Indonesia.

Abstract: Smart and sustainable land use is the key to answering development challenges in the modern era. In the context of Merauke Regency, South Papua, rapid economic growth and significant environmental changes demand an integrated approach to managing land use. This research presents an innovative WebGIS-based model that integrates geospatial information technology with land-use analysis to provide sustainable solutions. Through the integration of spatial data, predictive analysis, and stakeholder participation, this model enables stakeholders to explore alternative land-use scenarios and evaluate their environmental, economic, and societal impacts. The performance evaluation stage of the model demonstrates its ability to represent existing land-use patterns accurately. Validation with actual land-use data confirms the model’s ability to reproduce the distribution of agricultural areas and protected forest areas. Furthermore, the evaluation of the environmental impact of the model’s results indicates that the model is capable of predicting the environmental impact of alternative land-use scenarios. Consultation sessions with stakeholders proved the importance of their participation in the validation and adaptation of sustainable solutions. The results of this study indicate that the WebGIS-based Smart Land Use model has great potential in assisting sustainable planning and decision-making in Merauke Regency. However, further validation and refinement of the model are necessary to enhance its accuracy and validity. This research offers valuable insights into the integration of geospatial information technology in sustainable development, guiding the development of similar models in other regions.

Keywords: Smart Land Use; WebGIS; Sustainable Land Use; Spatial Data Integration; Sustainable Development.
Scope of the Article: System Integration

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A42981013123

IJEAT Journal — Thu, 26 Oct 2023 11:30:04 +0000

Performance Analysis of an Improved Particle Swarm Optimization and the Standard Particle Swarm Optimization
Patrick O. M. Ogutu¹, Nicholas Oyie², Winston Ojenge³

¹Patrick O. M. Ogutu, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Murang’a University, Nairobi, Kenya, Kenya.

²Dr. Nicholas Oyie, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Murang’a University, Nairobi, Kenya, Kenya.

³Dr. Winston Ojenge, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Murang’a University, Nairobi, Kenya, Kenya.

Abstract: Many industries employ different modes of control when it comes to PID parameter tuning. Previous authors have addressed the problem of tuning a control system for linear and nonlinear systems; however, the level of error reduction in system performance has not been achieved effectively. Hence, this study focuses on improving particle swarm optimisation using an improved Algorithm for PID parameter tuning. This paper addresses the optimisation of PID parameters using an improved PSO algorithm for nonlinear systems. Particle swarm optimisation is used to tune the PID parameters, ensuring an enhanced system response and operation. The PSO was deployed in a nonlinear system for application and validation of results achieved through PID tuning of the standard parameters on the MATLAB Simulink platform. The study ensured that the PID parameters were effectively tuned by applying an improved PSO Algorithm to the plant process. The research employed a standard nonlinear system to depict a real-life situation and an Improved Particle Swarm Optimisation Algorithm to analyse and compare the improved behaviour in the MATLAB/Simulink toolbox, as applied to the PID parameters. Finally, it was logically realised that the enhanced PSO Algorithm system response was significantly better compared to the non-PSO tuned system. The simulation was performed on the plant transfer function using the MATLAB and Simulink platforms, with various parameter choices and situations, and realisations were made from the obtained data. As the iteration was increased from 10, 50, and 100, there was a significant reduction in ITAE error from 0.054806 to a minimum of 0.01900, which is far better than the SPSO algorithm. SPSO reduces the error from 0.065143 to 0.020476. It was noted that the system behaviour was significantly improved in terms of settling time and peak overshoot for IPSO.

Keywords: MATLAB Simulink, PID parameters, Iteration, nonlinear system, Particle swarm optimization Algorithm
Scope of the Article: Swarm Intelligence

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A42931013123

IJEAT Journal — Thu, 26 Oct 2023 11:24:28 +0000

Characterization of Diatomite for Its use in Construction: Case Diatomite Sampled in Northern Chad
Abdallah DADI Mahamat¹, Abakar ALI², Jean-Michel Mechling³, André DONNOT⁴, Salif GAYE⁵

¹Abdallah DADI Mahamat, Department of Energy Engineering, National Higher Institute of Sciences and Techniques of Abéché, INSTA, Chad.

²Abakar ALI, Department of Civil Engineering, National School of Public Works, ENSTP, Ndjamena, Chad.

³Jean-Michel Mechling, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Lorraine (LERMAB) Nancy, France.

⁴André DONNOT, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Lorraine (LERMAB) Nancy, France.

⁵Salif GAYE, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iba Der Thiam University Thies, Senegal.

Abstract: The need for energy for thermal comfort in buildings is constantly growing. To minimise this need, we can improve the performance of the building envelope, which is the site of several thermal stresses, encouraging us to develop, apart from renewable or alternative energies, construction materials for buildings capable of storing energy. For this, the integration of innovative passive materials in the building envelope enables the reduction of energy consumption. It ensures thermal comfort in countries with extremely hot climates, such as the desert zone of Chad. We were thus interested in characterising diatomite, which is used to build a significant majority of dwellings in the Lake Chad, Kanem, and BET regions. To this end, samples of diatomite used in the construction were taken from Faya, the capital of Chad’s far north, on which we carried out mineralogical analyses as well as thermal and mechanical characterisations. Observations at the SEM, analyses by X-ray fluorescence, and Diffractograms confirm the presence of pure diatomite. Furthermore, the results of the various thermo-physical and mechanical tests presented a material that has low mechanical resistance but good thermal resistance. Therefore, the diatomite, which is the subject of this study, has no adverse environmental impact; it is an excellent thermal insulation material capable of storing thermal energy in buildings.

Keywords: Diatomite, Mineralogical Analysis, Thermal Resistance, Mechanical Resistance, Thermal Storage.
Scope of the Article: Mechanical Design

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A42911013123

IJEAT Journal — Thu, 26 Oct 2023 11:18:17 +0000

Information Categorization for Canopy Mapping using Quality Control (QC) Tool – Affinity Diagram (KJ Method)
Nishant

Nishant, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Kumaraguru College of Technology (KCT), Coimbatore.

Abstract: Canopy mapping involves the process of accurately delineating and assessing the distribution and extent of green spaces, trees, and vegetation within a designated area. Understanding the canopy’s characteristics is paramount, as it plays a critical role in supporting biodiversity, regulating microclimates, and mitigating the adverse impacts of urbanisation on the environment. This research paper focuses on exploring the practical application of the KJ method and collaborative brainstorming to gather and organize relevant information for canopy mapping. The study engaged six undergraduate students, under the guidance of a faculty member specialized in geoinformatics, in a productive brainstorming session, generating twenty-one diverse ideas related to canopy mapping. Through a methodical process of iterative refinement and consensusbuilding, the students effectively grouped these ideas into four distinct categories: “Data Sources,” “Canopy Estimation Process,” “Canopy Map Development,” and “Accuracy Assessment.” The resulting Affinity Diagram provided a clear and well-structured representation of the research paper’s key aspects, harnessing the collective intelligence of the team to organise complex information and facilitate the precise mapping of tree canopies. This collaborative approach proved instrumental in enhancing the project’s efficiency and effectiveness, promoting a cooperative environment that fosters innovation and informed decision-making.

Keywords: Canopy Mapping, KJ Method, QC Tools, Brainstorming, Affinity Diagram
Scope of the Article: Civil and Environmental Engineering

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A42821013123

IJEAT Journal — Thu, 26 Oct 2023 11:15:07 +0000

Transforming Organizational Development with AI: Navigating Change and Innovation for Success
Lalithendra Chowdari Mandava

Lalithendra Chowdari Mandava, Department of Human Resource Development , The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA.

Abstract: Effective change management emerges as a deciding element for an organization’s survival and success in the changing terrain of today’s fiercely competitive business climate. The variety of change management theories and approaches currently available, however, paints a complicated picture plagued by inconsistencies, a lack of strong empirical support, and unproven assumptions about contemporary organisational dynamics. This essay aims to lay the groundwork for a new paradigm in effective change management by critically examining popular theories of change management. The paper addresses the gap between theory and practice, concluding with suggestions for further research. In parallel, artificial intelligence (AI) has made remarkable progress, enabling computers to mimic human autonomy and cognition. Industry-wide excitement has been sparked by the enthusiasm among academics, executives, and the general public, resulting in significant investments in leveraging AI’s potential through innovative business models. However, the lack of thorough academic guidance forces managers to struggle with AI integration issues, increasing the risk of project failure. This article provides an in-depth analysis of AI’s complexities and its role as a catalyst for revolutionary business model innovation. A thorough literature assessment, which involves sifting through a sizable library of published works, combines up-to-date information on how AI is affecting the development of new business models. The findings come together to form a roadmap for seamless AI integration, which includes four key steps: understanding the fundamentals of AI and the skills required for digital transformation, assessing current business models and their innovation potential, developing key proficiencies for AI assimilation, and gaining organisational acceptance while building internal competencies. This article seamlessly combines the fields of organisational change management and AI-driven business model innovation, providing a thorough explanation to help businesses undergo a successful transformation and innovation. The convergence of these disciplines offers a practical vantage point for successfully adapting to, thriving in, and profiting from a dynamic business environment. Artificial intelligence (AI), a massively disruptive force that is altering international businesses, is at the vanguard of this revolution. The ability of AI to make decisions automatically, based on data analysis and observation, opens up hitherto untapped possibilities for value creation and competitive dominance, with broad consequences spanning several industries. With its rapid scaling, ongoing improvement, and self-learning capabilities, this evolutionary invention functions as an agile hybrid of capital and labour. Notably, AI’s architecture serves as the cornerstone for data-driven decision support by efficiently sifting through large and complex datasets to extract valuable insights. Thus, the symbiotic marriage of organisational change management and AI-driven business model innovation provides a comprehensive narrative, guiding businesses not only to survive but also to thrive in an ever-evolving business environment. It is emphasised how business models (BMs) interact with technology to affect how well businesses function, underscoring the need to take BMs into account when using AI. Business model innovation (BMI) that AI unlocks can improve products, streamline processes, and reduce costs. However, there is a void between technological improvements and their operationalization via BMs. Successful AI integration depends on a well-structured BM, which promotes agility and makes the most of technological resources. BMI is accelerated by AI, which reshapes sectors via innovation. Although interest in AI is high, strategic, cultural, and technological constraints sometimes prevent significant investments from producing positive economic results. To fully utilize AI’s capabilities, structured BMs are required. Despite an increase in research, a lack of cohesive information persists regarding the business applications of AI. To address this gap, we investigate implementation-related challenges in AI. Analyzing AI-driven BM transformation and risk management is aided by a study on BMI and digital transformation at the same time. The purpose of this study is to further our understanding of AI-driven business model innovation and to provide a valuable framework to help practitioners navigate the potential and difficulties of AI implementation. The suggested roadmap aims to identify current knowledge gaps and future research initiatives.

Keywords: Transforming, Navigating, Innovation, AI’s Analyzing AI-driven
Scope of the Article: Artificial Intelligence

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A42831013123

IJEAT Journal — Thu, 26 Oct 2023 11:09:54 +0000

Research on the Influence of Electric Vehicle Integration in Island Microgrid, Vietnam
Nguyen Van Hung¹, Nguyen Quoc Minh²

¹Nguyen Van Hung, Department of Electrical–Electronics Engineering Vietnam Maritime University, Haiphong, Vietnam.

²Nguyen Quoc Minh, Department of Electrical Engineering Hanoi University of Science & Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Abstract: Vietnam’s economy is developing strongly, and the energy demand will increase rapidly. The development of smart grids significantly contributes to the transition to and sustainable development of energy from renewable sources, thereby improving the quality of the national power supply and promoting the economically and efficiently sustainable use of electricity. Thus, this is highly beneficial in reducing carbon emissions and other types of pollution. Additionally, the transportation industry is undergoing rapid electrification, as evidenced by the development of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Metros in recent years. Integrating electric vehicles into the grid will enable two-way energy exchange, reactive power compensation and load balancing. However, the number of EVs participating in charging at a time will cause some conflicts, such as voltage and power loss at the nodes. Therefore, balancing the load demand and the generation source is a challenging task in planning operations. This paper presents a method to optimize island Microgrid (MG) operation with the participation of electric vehicles based on renewable energy sources. Optimisation techniques in intelligent resource forecasting and management algorithms are implemented in MATLAB to meet various requirements. The proposed Microgrid manages energy efficiency that adapts to the variability of Renewable Energy with improved efficiency.

Keywords: Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, Optimisation, vehicle-to-grid, Renewable energy, Vehicle to grid on MG.
Scope of the Article: Renewable Energy Technology

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