19c96fd517d854497e8-3ba3 20220128065305200 beie:beie director@blueeyesintelligence.org WEB-FORM International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology IJEAT 22498958 10.35940/ijeat.2249-8958 https://www.ijeat.org/ 10 30 2019 9 1 10.35940/ijeat.9.1 https://www.ijeat.org/download/volume-9-issue-1/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Noorfaten Asyikin Ibrahim Bibi Intan Suraya Murat Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. This paper addresses the effects of plate thickness and defect location on guided wave propagation in carbon/epoxy plates. A three-dimensional (3D) finite element model (FEM) of the plate was developed using MATLAB program codes, and simulated in Abaqus/Explicit. Referring to experimental ultrasonic C-scan images, the complex impact damage was modelled with irregular-shaped delamination and through-thickness matrix cracks. The simulated results show that a slower arrival time signal and amplitude drop of guided wave captured behind the defective region can be used as an indicator of the impact damage. A largOer scattering occurred when delamination was located closer to the plate surface. The extent of scattering gets larger, especially in the direction of 345o from the excitation point. It is also observed that the impact damage can still be detected through a line scan method across the impact damage, although the wave attenuation is greater in a thicker composite plate. By investigating these factors independently, the trends of the scattered guided ultrasonic waves can be classified and perhaps will revolutionize a smart non-destructive method for composite structure in the future. 10 30 2019 5736 5740 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3055.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3055109119/ Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Renga Rao Krishnamoorthy Zobaer Saleheen Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Ballast is the weakest among all of the railway track components due to its latent dynamic shifting and variation of stiffness along and across the track. Sharp Angular shape of the ballast components hinders evenly distribution of loads from sleeper to ballast, which in turn causes the sleepers to deteriorate over time resulting in higher frequency of railway track maintenance. Previous studies have shown that having an under-sleeper pad (USP) in between sleeper and ballast increases the contact area between them significantly. This by itself reduces the long-term damage on sleepers by a substantial amount. However, concrete sleeper is subjected to cracking due to excessive dynamic load from rail wheels. This paper intends to numerically evaluate whether the cracking of concrete sleepers gets reduced due to installing of USPs in the railway track system. The foremost reason behind cracking of concrete sleepers is the induced dynamic loads due to track irregularities and imperfect wheel rail contact. The most affected portion is at the bottom of the rail seat location of sleeper. Thus, two finite element models (one without USP and one with a 20mm thick USP attached at sleeper bottom) were analyzed while incorporating the concrete damage plasticity in the sleepers’ material. Results have shown better performance of concrete sleepers with USPs. Sleeper pads have shown a tendency to minimize excessive stress developed within naked concrete sleepers. Substantial advantage of using USPs in terms of damage reduction among sleepers were also perceived during conducting this analysis. Consequential reduction of crack formation was observed after installation of USPs. 10 30 2019 5741 5745 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3056.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3056109119/ Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Nursaadiah Salam* Asmah Awal Agricultural Biotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Shamsiah Abdullah Agricultural Biotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. and Aquilaria subintegra Ding Hou belong to the family of Thymelaeaceae which is commonly known as gaharu or agarwood. It is a commercially important tree and identified as a potential aromatic plant. The overwhelming responses in the lodging sector reduce gaharu species in the forest. Mass propagation through plant tissue culture technology will substitute this problem. The present study was conducted to investigate the embryogenic callus induction between these two species. The most optimum sterilization method for both species was sodium hypochlorite 5.0% which gave the highest percentage of aseptic culture (95%) with the absence of tissue browning. The leaves of both species were cultured on Murashige and Skoog, (1962) (MS) media supplemented with combination of various concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 2.5 mg/L) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L) and kept under dark condition. The explants produced embryogenic, white and compact callus at the end cut of the explants after two weeks of culture in all treatments. The highest frequency of embryogenic callus formation was observed in explants cultured on 2.0 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D for both species. From the present study, the optimum sterilization technique and embryogenic callus induction for A. malaccensis Lam. and A. subintegra were established. 10 30 2019 5746 5751 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3057.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3057109119/ Centre of Environmental Health and Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Technology MARA, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Ismaliza Isa* Ahmad Razali Ishak Centre of Environmental Health and Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Technology MARA, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Nazri Che Dom Centre of Environmental Health and Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Technology MARA, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Zulkifli Mohamed Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Technologi MARA, UiTM Shah Alam, 40450 Selangor, Malaysia. Muhamad Azhan Anuar* Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Technologi MARA, UiTM Shah Alam, 40450 Selangor, Malaysia. Since the number of dengue fever cases has become the endemic disease in Malaysia, it is urgently need for rapid and efficient calculation of mosquito populations particularly for early detection and control measures. An ovitrap surveillance is used to determine the density of Aedes mosquito and it is one of the implemented method for vector control application. In this study, the prototype of an IoT-based ovitrap system was developed to automatically and simultaneously detect the Aedes mosquitoes using NodeMCU as the main IoT platform. The existing sticky ovitrap was modified to integrate the selected IoT components and to ensure its functionality for automatic detection. There are two phases were conducted in this study, with phase 1 evaluating the right IoT components to be selected and applied for automatic detection. Integrating the selected IoT components and modification of present ovitrap was carried out in phase 2 and the final revised design was considered. SWOT analysis and Pugh chart analysis also known as decision matrix method were used to select the best IoT components and final ovitrap design. It has been observed that the prototype D was the best design and be able to detect the adult mosquitoes. The lessons learned in the development of the IoT-based ovitrap were discussed in order to be employed for Aedes mosquitoes surveillance in the future. 10 30 2019 5752 5758 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3058.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3058109119/ Integrated Separation Technology and Research Group (iSTRONG), Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. P F Megat Khamaruddin* M L Abdullah Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Activated carbon from coconut shell has been used as an oil adsorbent for various applications because of its high surface area, micro porosity and good sorption properties. However, the collection process after the sorption process is difficult due to its granular form. Impregnating the activated carbon with magnetic particle can solve the problem by removing the used adsorbent using magnet. The objectives of this study were to determine the optimum activation temperature and to compare the effect of immersion time. The study also investigated the effect of the iron to activated carbon ratio on oil removal capacities and the potential of reusability of the composite magnetic activated carbon. The activated carbon was produced by pyrolysation and activated at 600˚C, 800˚C and 1000˚C. This was followed by the preparation of the composite magnetic activated carbon by co-precipitation method. The magnetic adsorbent was then characterised by using FTIR spectra and the surface characteristics was analysed using surface analyser. The highest oil removal were samples prepared at activation temperature of 800˚C with the composite adsorbent oil removal was at 2 g/g which was 11.5% more than the activated carbon sample. Higher concentration of iron did not benefit the oil removal process as the higher the concentration of iron used, the less oil was adsorbed. Finally, the reusability of the composite magnetic activated carbon showed promising result. 10 30 2019 5759 5764 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3059.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3059109119/ Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Mohd Aizad Ahmad* Ir Dr Zulkifli Abdul Rashid Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia This research highlights on development of simpler prediction method for percentage fatalities occurred during jet fire incident in methanol production plant. A lot of parameters involved before fatalities can be determined using consequence model analysis. The parameters involved needed to calculate surface emitting power, view factor, transmissivity and area affected footprint to determine estimated fatalities. HYSYS software used to simulate density of mixture, mass and volume fraction of each component resulting from carbon dioxide and hydrogen reaction. These values used as input in ALOHA simulation to estimate area footprint. Affected area footprint then calculated in MARPLOT, which in turn used for estimating percentage fatalities. These resulting fatalities used as ANFIS prediction analysis to predict percentage fatalities, then compared to the simulation data from ALOHA and MARPLOT. The selected input data was operating pressure, volume, mass, size of leakage and wind speed. The predicted data from ANFIS attained R2 at 0.9998 for both membership function used, triangular and Gaussian while for capabilities test, R2 of 0.998 was achieved using Gaussian. Therefore, simpler method to predict percentage fatalities for the event of jet fire in methanol plant was successful. 10 30 2019 5765 5772 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3060.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3060109119/ Centre of Environmental Health and Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Siti Rohana Mohd Yatim Ku Halim Ku Hamid Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Kamariah Noor Ismail Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Zulkifli Abdul Rashid Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Nur Ain Mohd Zainuddin Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. This study examines the potential of artificial neural network (ANN) to predict Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOCs) released via decomposition of local food wastes. To mimic the decomposition process, a bioreactor was designed to stimulate the food waste storage condition. The food waste was modeled based on the waste composition from a residential area. A feed forward multilayer back propagation (Levenberg – Marquardt training algorithm) was then developed to predict the TVOCs. The findings indicate that a two-layer artificial neuron network (ANN) with six input variables and these include (outside and inside temperature, pH, moisture content, oxygen level, relative humidity) with a total of eighty eight (88) data are used for the modeling purpose. The network with the highest regression coefficient (R) is 0.9967 and the lowest Mean Square Error (MSE) is 0.00012 (nearest to the value of zero) has been selected as the Optimum ANN model. The findings of this study suggest the most suitable ANN model that befits the research objective is ANN model with one (1) hidden layer with fifteen (15) hidden neurons. Additionally, it is critical to note that the results from the experiment and predicted model are in good agreement. 10 30 2019 5773 5779 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3061.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/a3061109119/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Muhammad Syafiq Md. Nor Zuraidah Salleh* Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Nik Rozlin Nik Mohd Masdek Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Koay Mei Hyie Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Sahril Kushairi Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Electrodeposition is one of the methods used to perform a protective coating. It is commonly used in the industry because it capable to produce coating with good properties. The objective of this study is to perform the electrodeposition process of cobalt-nickel-iron (Co-Ni-Fe) alloy coatings onto the mild steel hex bolt (M12 x 50). This study also investigated the effect of deposition time on thickness, hardness, surface roughness and the corrosion rate of the electrodeposited Co-Ni-Fe alloy coating. The electrodeposition was performed on the substrate with four different deposition times: 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes. The working temperature of the sulphate solution was 60ºC and the current supplied was 1.5 A. All the samples undergone surface properties analysis. For the corrosion rate, it was conducted using the potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) test. There were three types of solution used for PDP; hydrochloric acid (HCL), distilled water and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with pH 3, pH 7 and pH 9 respectively. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image showed the thinnest coating was 4.74 μm for deposition time of 15 minutes and the thickest coating with 102.77 μm. The coating hardness decreased as deposition time increased and the lowest hardness obtained was 349.6 HV at 120 minutes deposition time. The surface roughness decreased until 60 minutes of deposition time (1.0279 μm) and started to increase at 120 minutes of deposition time (4.0655 μm). The sample with 60 minutes of deposition time had the lowest corrosion rate in all solution; pH 3 = 0.1311 mmpy, pH 7 = 0.0393 mmpy and pH 9 = 0.0512 mmpy. Therefore, it is proven that deposition time is an important plating parameters that determine the surface properties and subsequently the corrosion resistance of electrodeposited Co-Ni-Fe alloy. 10 30 2019 5780 5785 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3062.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3062109119/ Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia. M. N. Naim N. S. Abd Rasid Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia. N. F. Abu Bakar Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. The advantages of synthesized soil for minimizing the heavy metal penetration into the plant cells during phytoremediation process was investigated. The synthesized soil was prepared by modifying the as-received soil into fine and coarse particles via a sieving process before subjecting the prepared soil to the lotus plant for the phytoremediation process. The as-received soil was obtained from a common paddy soil and consist of major clay elements including SiO2, Fe3O4 and Ca. After the phytoremediation process for 30 days, the bulk water, soil and rhizomes were sent for inductively coupled plasma (ICP) optical emission spectrometry. The fine soil absorbed more metal content than the coarse soil and as-received soil. Further analysis was conducted by downsizing the as-received soil into the aqueous solution of pH 4, 6 and 8 and followed by an ultrasonication process. A nanometer order particle of 157, 78 and 100 nm with various particles's surface charge of 22, 4.9 and -19.9 mV were obtained from pH 4, 6 and 8 respectively. The surface charge of the clay element that contained in the as-received soil adsorbs the heavy metals onto its surface and hindered the penetration of heavy metal from entering the plant cells. 10 30 2019 5786 5790 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3063.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3063109119/ Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Suffiyana Akhbar* Istikamah Subuki Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Rahida Wati Sharudin Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia Muhammad Hussain Ismail Centre for Advanced Materials Research (CAMAR), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia The objective of this paper is to develop mathematical relationship between average pore size and porosity of porous polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite (PCL/HA) composite and investigate the combined effect of temperature and pressure of foaming process and presence of HA. Porous PCL/HA composite was prepared using supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) solid state foaming process. Three different temperatures and pressures of foaming process were varied at 35°C, 40°C, 45°C and 10MPa, 20MPa, 30MPa respectively. Meanwhile weight of HA was varied at 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt%. The result from analysis of variance (ANOVA) using Microsoft Excel found that average pore size is reduced with higher pressure and content of HA presence does not significantly affect the average pore size due to poor distribution of HA. Meanwhile for porosity, higher temperature is more dominant in increasing of porosity compared to the HA content. In addition, both designed models have low values of Average Absolute Relative Deviation (%AARD) and high value of coefficient of determination (R2) which reflects a good and satisfying result between the experimental values and model predicted values. 10 30 2019 5791 5797 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3065.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3065109119/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Rabiatul A. Jaafar* Muhammad A. Ayub Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Industries such as agriculture and food have used polypropylene bag widely used as it is cheap and easy to find. Fertilizers industry especially needed to use the polypropylene bag that have high protection barrier against the high-level humidity especially we living in Malaysia that have high humidity in the air. By layering the polypropylene bag with another polypropylene bag, the moisture problem can be overcome. The polypropylene bag for fertilizers consists of 2 layers which is the woven polypropylene bag and the clear polypropylene bag. However, when assembling this two-polypropylene bag, worker needed to manually insert the clear polypropylene bag into the woven bag. This increases the time process in production, high labour force needed and also higher cost for mass production. Furthermore, repetitive works can cause strain to the worker and increases the number of errors. To overcome this issue, the automated polypropylene bag assembly system is proposed. For this paper, we only focus on the lifting method of the automated polypropylene bag assembly system. With the used of the automated polypropylene bag assembly system, the repetitive works and labour force can be reduced. This will also give out cleaner and consistent last product. 10 30 2019 5798 5802 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3007.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3007109119/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Aidah Jumahat* Adila Nalisa Mohd Roslan Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Terengganu, Kampus Bukit Besi, Terengganu, Malaysia. Napisah Sapiai Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Husna Zaemah Ramlan Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. This paper presents the Quasi Static Indentation (QSI) behavior of the chopped carbon fibre composites with three different loadings of nanoclay. The composites, which are Carbon fibre (CF), 1wt% Nanoclay–Carbon Fibre (1NC-CF), 3wt% Nanoclay–Carbon Fibre (3NC-CF) and 5wt% Nanoclay–Carbon Fibre (5NC-CF) were prepared using hand lay-up method. The nanoclay was dispersed using a three roll milling machine. The 10wt% of chopped carbon fibres with 3-5 mm length were used in fabricating these composites. The QSI test was conducted using Universal Testing Machine according to the ASTM D6264. The damage section was examined using optical microscopy. The results show that the energy absorbed was increased with addition of nanoclay up to 81.42 %, 137.69 % and 202.95 % for 1NC-CF, 3NC-CF and 5NC-CF composites, respectively. It was concluded that the addition of the nanoclay enhanced the QSI of chopped carbon fibres composites. 10 30 2019 5803 5807 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3008.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3008109119/ Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia. Nurul Amal Nadhirah Mohamad* Junaidah Jai* Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia. Banana stem is one of the most explored non-wood lignocellulose due to its high cellulose content with small amount of lignin. The conventional pulping processes efficiently remove the lignin, but there is potential to reduce the energy and chemical consumptions due to the low lignin content of banana stem. In this work, soda pulping was carried out for 60-120 minutes using 16-20% w/v alkali charge at boiling temperature of 105°C. The efficiency of lignin removal at low temperature was evaluated using kappa number analysis. The effects of pulping time and alkali charge on pulp properties were investigated using fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Soda pulping using 18% w/v alkali charge at 10 liquid-to-solid ratio for 90 minutes under atmospheric pressure efficiently removed lignin with minimal cellulose degradation. Extended pulping time and concentrated alkali charge would induce cellulose degradation. FTIR analysis verified that alkaline pulping caused depolymerization on both lignin and cellulose. SEM images of banana stem showed ordered structure cellulose fibrils arrangement. Removal of lignin and hemicellulose was observed through smoother surface of the banana pulp. However, TGA analysis suggested that a better thermal stability could be achieved through pulping using 16% w/v alkali charge. 10 30 2019 5808 5812 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3009.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3009109119/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Hafizan Hashim* Hanita Hashim Faculty of Engineering and Life Siences, Universiti Selangor, Berjuntai Bestari, Malaysia. Important drawbacks of Coriolis experimental setup and devices are their multiple parts and cost to own. Simplicity, traceability, and measurability are the major concern. This paper presents a preliminary design process of Coriolis acceleration experimental device to visualize the effect of Coriolis and enable the calculation of acceleration components to facilitate students for a better understanding of this phenomenon. This is realized through a slidable collar with a marker and accelerometer attached on it and a rotating rod that shows a visible yet erasable mark from the marker’s path. The design process went through typical engineering design processes such as morphological study, functional decomposition, and Pugh chart. Next, Finite Element Analyses (FEA) were performed to determine the mode shapes, followed by analytical calculation of the dynamic reaction experienced by motor. In addition, this kit provides opportunity for students to manually calculate the actual acceleration component based on theory learnt which is considered innovative. The use of controllable motor for rotating the rod could vary the travelling path of the marker, subsequently diversify the problems for student to solve. 10 30 2019 5813 5820 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3010.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3010109119/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Hafizan Hashim* Hanita Hashim Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Berjuntai Bestari, Malaysia. The Coriolis acceleration is the product of linear and rotational velocities. Acceleration analysis is important because inertial forces are proportional to their rectilinear, angular, and Coriolis accelerations. The magnitudes of Coriolis acceleration vary according to the conditions of motions of an object. This paper presents kinematic analyses of a preliminary design of a Coriolis kit. The Coriolis kit consists of a rotating rod and a slidable collar. A motor is used to rotate the rod and accelerometer is attached to the slider for recording the accelerations. The Coriolis effect is visualized through the mark left by the slider during motion. Common analytical expressions of the Coriolis acceleration are derived and calculated using measured values. Results show that the Coriolis kit is capable to visualize and sketch the travelling path of the object in motion. 10 30 2019 5821 5825 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3011.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3011109119/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. *Bulan Abdullah *M. Hafizuddin Basir Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. *Khalissah Yusof Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Siti Khadijah Alias Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pasir Gudang, Johor Baharu. M. Faizul Idham Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Bukit Besi, Terengganu. Stainless steel is used widespread in various industries, but it has poor wear resistance. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the wear resistance of enhanced surface of 316L stainless steel by applying the combination of surface treatments that consist of shot blasting followed by paste boronizing. Glass beads with diameter 250 microns and the blasting pressure of 6 bar has been used as the shot material in conducting shot blasting process. Paste boronizing process was conducted at temperature 950°C for 8 hours soaking. Data were collected and analyzed which concentrating on the samples’ microstructure, microhardness and wear evaluation. Shot blasting improves the case depth of boride layers formed after performing paste boronizing by boosting the boron diffusion owing to the grain refinement created by shot blasting. The ultimate combination of shot blasting and paste boronizing parameters enhance the case depth of the smooth and compact boride layers with high boron content. The hardness performance increase 624% compared to untreated 316L stainless steel which also highly improve the wear resistance of the material. In this investigation, these dual processes of surface treatment which are shot blasting and paste boronizing can be applied in fabricating the improved 316L stainless steel for industrial usages. 10 30 2019 5826 5831 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3012.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3012109119/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Aidah Jumahat* Nurul Ain Haris Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Johor, Kampus Pasir Gudang, Malaysia. Fatin Najwa Che Mohamad Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. The present study aims to investigate slurry pot erosion wear behavior of nanoclay-modified short fiber reinforced polymer (SFRP) composites. Epoxy matrix modified with 5wt% nanoclay was prepared using high shear three roll milling mixing system at 60°C and 12.7 m/s speed. Two short synthetic fibers and two short natural fibers were used as reinforcements, i.e. carbon, glass, basalt, and kenaf. Slurry pot erosion wear tests were conducted using a mixture of sand and water as erosive materials and at a running speed of 300rpm for 10km sliding distance. The results showed that the inclusion of short fibres improved the erosion wear behavior of epoxy polymer, in which basalt reinforced polymer composite showing the best performance when compared to the other types of SFRP composites. The addition of 5.0wt% nanoclay filler also reduced the specific erosion wear rate of the SFRP composites. Nanoclay had significantly improved wear rate of glass fiber reinforced polymer composites of up to 53% compared to its pure state. Basalt fiber was also found to be a potential alternative to synthetic fiber; i.e carbon and glass fiber, based on its lowest wear rate among all the SFRP composites. 10 30 2019 5832 5838 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3013.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3013109119/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Nurul Emi Nur Ain Mohamad* Aidah Jumahat* Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Anthony Arthur Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Mohd Fadzli Ismail Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Johor, Malaysia. Basalt fibre reinforced polymer composite is a newly versatile material that has good potential to be used in many applications due to its high specific modulus and strength properties. This paper is aimed to evaluate the response and properties of BFRP composite when it is subjected to low-velocity impact loading. The BFRP laminates were fabricated using vacuum bagging method. The effects of 5, 10 and 15wt% nanosilica particles on density, impact load and energy absorbed were investigated using a drop weight impact test. The damage characteristics of the samples were examined using an optical microscope. The addition of 15wt% nanosilica into Basalt fiber reinforced polymer composite significantly improved the energy absorption properties of the specimens. This suggests that the nanomodified BFRP composite has better damage resistance properties when compared to the pure system. 10 30 2019 5839 5844 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3014.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3014109119/ Faculty of Mechanical, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Mohd Shahriman Adenan* Siti Umrah Zainal Faculty of Mechanical, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Esa Haruman Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Bakrie, Jakarta, Indonesia. This investigation focuses on the improvement of surface properties of medical grade austenitic stainless steel (AISI 316LVM). The aim is to develop a homogenous supersaturated hard layer of expanded austenite (s-phase) at the surface of AISI 316LVM using low temperature hybrid thermochemical heat treatment process. The s-phase layer produced by this process is able to improve the surface properties of AISI 316LVM, overcoming its drawback of low surface hardness and wear resistance, without impairing the corrosion resistance of the steel. During the heat treatment process, ammonia (NH3) and methane (CH4) gasses were introduced into the furnace with temperatures of 425°C and 475°C, at 6 and 12 hours with gas composition of 75% of NH3, 10% of CH4, and 15% of Nitrogen (N2). Characterization on the microstructure showed the formation of the S-phase layer with variation of thickness according to parameters used. The S-phase formation was confirmed with phase analysis using XRD. Besides, the surface hardness also significantly increased from 210.9 HV to 1170.0 HV. In conclusion, low temperature hybrid heat treatment process is able to produce a homogenous hard s-phase layer. 10 30 2019 5845 5849 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3015.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3015109119/ Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Mohamad Fauzi Omar Harizan Che Mat Haris Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Nooritawati Md. Tahir Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia This paper presents the validation and evaluation of the 3-pin socket outlet for student hall of residence specifically university halls appliances. It is a new method of reducing the electricity usage in residences at the same time increasing the safety aspect for the socket. Smart Socket Outlet is a project that has safety and economic aspects. Different with others, Smart Socket Outlet will cut the supply when current flow reaches the maximum amount that has been pre-set. This socket is able to improve in safety aspect to overcome over flow of current. This system also has potential to reduce the electricity usage in student residents. By applying this Smart Socket Outlet, consumer will be more secured and at the same time electricity usage will decrease. 10 30 2019 5850 5857 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3016.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3016109119/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Nurul Jannah Yusaidi* Shahrul Azam Abdullah Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Noratiqah Syahirah Mohd Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Production of silica from agricultural waste such as banana stems are mainly synthesized from acid leaching treatment. Citric acid (C6H8O7) was used as substitute for conventional hydrochloric acid (HCL) and sulphuric acid (H2SO4) because it is safer and less harmful to the human health. The main parameters in leaching treatment are leaching time and acid concentration. The acid concentration used was 1.0 mol/L of citric acid (C6H8O7) and leaching time of 30, 60 and 90 minutes, respectively. The leaching treatment produced 47.8% to 99.9% of extracted silica. The samples of extracted silica were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). 10 30 2019 5858 5862 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3017.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3017109119/ Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA. Izzul Syazwan Ishak* Norliyati Mohd Amin Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA. Norhayati Abdul Hamid Institute for Infrastructure Engineering and Sustainable Management, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA Earthquake can cause many problems to the structures, which lead to buildings collapse and may takes humans life. It is a nature’s hazard that cannot be stop. One of the effort is by introducing the damping system to the buildings where the energy of the system is slowly reduced until the vibration of the system is totally eliminated and the system is brought to rest. Several techniques are available nowadays, however passive control system has advantage in term of cost compare to other systems. Multiple Tuned Liquid Damper (MTLD) is a passive system that traditionally made of several rigid tanks filled with water, usually placed on top of a building. The energy will dissipates through the sloshing and wave-breaking of the liquid once the earthquake strike the buildings. Shaking table tests are carried out on a two-bay, two-story steel frame with water tanks for different location. In this test, the displacement and acceleration for top and base are studied. 10 30 2019 5863 5867 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3018.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3018109119/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Mohamad Mali* Jamaluddin Mahmud* Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Studies have shown that the angle of fiber orientation significantly affects the mechanical properties of a composite laminate. Due to this, accurate prediction of the laminate response because of the loading effect is crucial. Many investigations on the properties of composite materials have been conducted. However, there is still the lack of study related to Kevlar/Epoxy laminate. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of the angle of fiber orientation to woven and unidirectional (UD) Kevlar/Epoxy laminates under compression state. The study was conducted in two stages comprising of numerical validation and failure analysis. For the failure analysis, a flat plate and flat plate with circular hole under compression were modelled using ANSYS. Two of the most common failure models, Maximum Stress Theory and Tsai-Wu Failure criteria were selected for the failure prediction. The laminates were made of 24 layers woven Kevlar/Epoxy and the stacking sequence was (θ4/04/-θ4)s. The angle of fiber orientations, θ, have been varied from 0° to 90° and failure loads for both flat plate and flat plate with circular hole were determined. The trend of displacement and failure behaviour for both types of plate were compared. The results show that the angle of fiber orientation affects significantly the trend of the displacement and failure curves of UD and woven Kevlar/Epoxy. The curves for UD and woven; flat plate and flat plate with circular hole are different and unique in nature; and thus should be treated individually. These analysis and findings are important in aiding the engineers at designing a stronger woven Kevlar/Epoxy composite laminate. Therefore, it can be concluded that the current study has contributed towards enhancing knowledge about the compressive failure behaviour of unidirectional and woven Kevlar/Epoxy composite laminates. 10 30 2019 5868 5872 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3019.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3019109119/ Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Amira Syazwani Mustafa Kamal* Mohd Iqbal Misnon Textile Research Group, Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Mohd Rozi Ahmad Textile Research Group, Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Muhammad Ismail Ab Kadir Textile Research Group, Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Sukirah Abdul Rahman Pusat Penyelidikan Bioteknologidan Nanoteknologi, Ibu Pejabat MARDI, Persiaran MARDI-UPM 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. There are numerous previous studies working on biosynthesis, properties and applications of bacterial cellulose (BC) membrane from Acetobacter xylinum bacteria strain. However, there is less research examining the effect of initial pH level on BC membrane properties. Here, BC membranes were produced at different pH level (concentration of acetic acid) of coconut water-based culture medium which are 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0 and 5.5 for 7 days, statically. The effect of initial pH level during BC production on morphology, physical and characteristics were investigated. The Acetobacter xylinum membrane were studied its crystallinity using X-ray diffraction, FTIR analysis for chemical structure and FESEM for morphological analysis. In addition, the different of initial pH level does affect the membrane yield and breathability properties using an Upright Cup Method of water vapour permeability testing. Although certain suitable amount of acid had reduced the production yield, a breathable BC membrane was produced. 10 30 2019 5873 5878 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3020.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3020109119/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Aiman Izmin* M. Todo Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Japan. A.H. Abdullah Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Resurfacing Hip Arthroplasty (RHA) is a hip replacement method that is widely known nowadays. However, the complication on femoral bone fracture often happens in this hip replacement method which associated with the implant positioning. The objective of this study is to predict the damage formation on the bone which resulting from the RHA pin malposition. Finite element analysis was conducted in order to predict the damage formation on the bone model based on the computed tomography (CT) image of a patient. A 3D inhomogeneous bone model was developed from a 47 year old patient with an osteoarthritis disease located on the left femur. The material used for the RHA implant model is cobalt chromium and the implant is then being inserted into the femoral bone. Straight implant position with angle 130° was selected as a reference in the analysis while another three position of varus (> 130°) and valgus (<130°) were selected and known as the pin malposition. The simulation was conducted on each of the selected angles in order to predict the damage formation towards the bone model. The damage formation obtained was from the results of elements failure which occurred after applying the load. Physiological loading of a human which focusing on the normal walking condition was selected as the loading and boundary condition in this study. The femoral bone model experienced the highest damage formation when the implant located at the varus position while reduced significantly when the implant placed at the valgus position. 10 30 2019 5889 5885 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3021.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3021109119/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Muhammad Syazani Farhan bin Zaini* Mohd Shahriman bin Adenan* Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Juri bin Saedon Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Aman Mohd Ihsan bin Mamat Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Thermal conductivity is one of the main features of a thermal barrier coating (TBC) that is important in making sure that the TBC gives its best functionality to the system. A good TBC has low thermal conductivity, so that the temperature can drop across the coating which allows the system to operate in extremely high temperatures. There are several factors that can influence the thermal conductivity of the TBC such as the type of ceramic material used, the deposition method and the physical features of the TBC itself. For this research, air plasma spray (APS) is used to deposit 8 wt% yttria stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) and mullite on medium carbon steel substrates to study their respective thermal conductivities. The aim here is to develop a heat shield using TBC to protect the electric motor in an electrical turbocompounding system. The characteristics of the deposited TBC such as microstructure, element composition, phases and thermal conductivity are studied. The thermal conductivity is reduced when medium carbon steel substrate deposited with TBC. The thermal conductivity of 8YSZ, mullite and uncoated sample at minute 60 is 0.868 W/mK, 0.903 W/mK and 1.057 W/mK, respectively. Therefore, the deposition of 8YSZ TBC can lower the thermal conductivity of the medium carbon steel heat shield. 10 30 2019 5886 5892 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3022.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3022109119/ Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia. Ahmad Firdaus Che Omar* Faizatul Farah Hatta Pusat Asasi, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Dengkil, Malaysia. Tunku Ishak Tunku Kudin Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia. Mohd Ambri Mohamed Institute Microengineering and Nanoelectronic(IMEN),Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Bangi, Malaysia Oskar Hasdinor Hassan Faculty Art and Design, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia, High purity barium titanate BaTiO3 was successfully synthesized by using the sol-gel technique. Barium acetate Ba(CH3COO)2 and tetrabutyl titanate, Ti(C4H9O)4 was dissolved moderately in the solvent of glacial acetic acid and ethanol was added as the chemical modifier. The synthesized BaTiO3 nanoparticle was calcined at the temperature range of 700 ºC to 1100 ºC. The powders were further characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fined BaTiO3 powders result indicates the phase of tetragonal structures and high crystallites of BaTiO3. It was observed that the crystallinity and particle size of BaTiO3 is greatly influenced by the calcination temperature. 10 30 2019 5893 5896 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3023.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3023109119/ Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Muhamad Ariff Amir Hamzah Azil Bahari Alias* Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Nor Elina Ahmad Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Bio-ethanol, a type of biofuel, is known as renewable energy source as it is derived from biomass as its raw material. Biomass can be found in abundance and sustainable i.e. sources are available continuously, unlike the currently used conventional fossil fuels where these sources are limited and depleting. In this study, biomass from fruit waste, banana peels, were utilized to produce bio-ethanol via hydrolysis and fermentation process. Banana peels, a lignocellulosic biomass, possesses compositions which favour these processes, where the banana peels are rich in cellulose content and low in lignin content. Mechanical pre-treatment of the banana peels was conducted to further ease the hydrolysis process by reducing the particle size of the biomass. Hydrolysis was carried out for 24 hours at 50ºC at different pH using sulfuric acid H2SO4 acid and sodium hydroxide NaOH as the base, to study the effect of pH on the hydrolysis process and hence the final bio-ethanol production, in terms of concentration. Fermentation of the hydrolysis products were carried out using glucose-yeast broth for 4 days at temperature of 35ºC. Water content in the bio-ethanol product from fermentation process was separated using rotary evaporator, prior to ethanol analysis using Gas Chromatography (GC-MS). Concentration of ethanol was found to be the highest at acidic pH conditions; pH 4 to 6. Lowest ethanol concentration was recorded at higher pH values, indicating alkaline conditions do not favour the hydrolysis process. 10 30 2019 5897 5901 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3024.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/a3024109119/ Center of Foundation Studies, Cawangan Selangor, Universiti Teknologi MARA & Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Nur Asyikin Ahmad Nazri* Raba’ah Syahidah Azis Physics Department, Faculty of Science, UPM & Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, Hasfalina Che Man Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia. Ismayadi Ismail Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia Idza Riati Ibrahim Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia This research was conducted to produce the magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles extracted from the industrial millscale waste. Then, the micron size samples were extracted and grounded on the high energy ball milling (HEBM) at various milling time for 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 h. The formation of nanosized single-phase hexagonal spinel has been observed with XRD analysis as early as 4 h milling time. The FTIR transmission spectrum shows the appearance of a Fe-O functional group for each sample. HRTEM images showed that all the samples had a small particle size of 5-20 nm with uniform distribution. The specific surface area of the 5 adsorbents increased after the 8 h milling time and it showed reduction after that. The magnetite adsorbents then utilized the adsorbent in Cadmium ions removal of the aqueous solution. Fe3O4 with 8 h milling time was able to remove 9.81 mg of cadmium ions with 1 g of adsorbents consume. The removal of the cadmium ions detected related to the particles size, surface areas and saturation magnetization. This research successfully revealed that the higher saturation magnetization contributed to high removal percentages in cadmium ions of aqueous solutions. Fe3O4 extraction from mill scales waste is cost-effective, the process is eco-friendly and thus, potentially to be applied for wastewater treatment. 10 30 2019 5902 5907 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3025.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3025109119/ Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Noratiqah Syahirah BT Mohd Zarib* Shahrulazam Bin Abdullah Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, UiTM Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Muhammad Syazwan Bin Mazelan Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, UniMAP, Perlis, Malaysia. Zirconia have become widely studied as consequence of their outstanding mechanical properties, such as hardness, mechanical strength and fracture toughness, which allow them to cover a wide spectrum of applications as structural ceramics, including the field of biomaterials. This study was to compare the strength properties of zirconia block with and without Cold Isostatic Press (CIP). The mechanical properties of zirconia block with and without CIP were characterized. Samples of zirconia block will undergo forming process via Cold Isostatic Pressing (CIP), four levels of soaking time (no CIP, 60, 90 and 120 minutes). All of the sample with different soaking time then were sinter in the furnace. The parameter for sintering process was fixed 1300ºC at rate of 3ºC / min. All of the sample were tested for its strength properties using Vickers test. The density and shrinkage of the zirconia block was be analyzed. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize samples if zirconia blocks. 10 30 2019 5908 5912 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3026.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3026109119/ Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia, Noramira Saad Mohammad Noor Jalil* Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Zainiharyati Mohd Zain Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia, Hamizah Mohd Zaki Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia Mesoporous silica is material that possesses the pore sizes between 2 nm to 50 nm which had expanded their applications rapidly. In this study, mesoporous SBA-15 and SBA-16 were synthesized via surfactant templating approach using triblock copolymer as directing agent and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source. The synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nitrogen absorption-desorption tests. The pore diameters are 5.5 nm and 3.2 nm for SBA-15 and SBA-16 respectively, were determined with BJH method based on adsorption data. Three different electrodes were fabricated, carbon paste electron (CPE) and two modified carbon paste electrodes (MCPE): SBA-15/MPCE and SBA-16/MPCE. The fabricated electrodes were tested using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). SBA-16/MCPE showed better adsorption, enhanced the response signal to 81% and a lower resistance (4.04KΩ). The synthesized mesoporous materials have the potential to be used in the development of high performance, lightweight and flexible devices in electrochemistry 10 30 2019 5913 5917 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3027.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3027109119/ Centre of Studies for Surveying Sciences and Geomatics, Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying. Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia, Nur Auni Suraya A. Rahim Abdul Rauf Abdul Rasam* Centre of Studies for Surveying Sciences and Geomatics, Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying. Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia, This aim of this study is to develop a Quick Response (QR) code supported web-based geographical information system (GIS) for facility damage report in university buildings. In general, some academic buildings such as facility management system of Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying (FSPU), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) encounter a problem of technicians spending more time to manually search for information on damaged equipment. Data processing such as scanning, georeferencing, and digitizing of the building plans were performed to create geodatabase file of the building. QR Codes at the different rooms were then generated by utilising QR Code Generator software. The waterfall or SDLC model was applied to produce a web-based system. This integrated system has facilitated the users with Home and Menus pages that benefit the outsourced parties to directly receive damages reports of the faculty. A survey of user satisfaction was also conducted to evaluate the practicality of the system and the result has shown that the system has the potential to be used by the department of facilities management by integrating with existing database system (e-Aduan) towards a better facility damage management. The proposed web-based system application will assist technicians and staff in managing the facility easier. 10 30 2019 5918 5922 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3028.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3028109119/ Centre of Studies for Surveying Sciences and Geomatics, Faculty of Architecture Planning and Surveying. Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia Muhammad Faiz Osman Zaini* Abdul Rauf Abdul Rasam* Centre of Studies for Surveying Sciences and Geomatics, Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying. Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia One of the most challenging tasks in providing water services is proportion of water loss or known as non-revenue water (NRW). NRW is water supplied to the consumer, but it is lost before it reaches the consumer. The losses of NRW is related with water billing and water produced by local agencies such as Air Selangor. One of the ways to overcome NRW is by changing inaccurate or malfunctioned water meter, but the local department’s water meter still uses the manual method. An innovative geospatial mobile application for water loss meter tracking system was developed at AIR Selangor s, Shah Alam. The main stages used in this study were identifying the problem, designing the app, developing the app and lastly evaluating the app’s performance. Selected officers and contractors of the department agreed with the recommendation made by the authors to develop a digitized system based on the current system. The app has technical capabilities to improve the current system which uses pen and paper to manage water loss via meter system at the site. This geographical information system (GIS)-based application could also update and locate all the coordinates of water meters efficiently so that the contractor can easily find the malfunctioned water meters. The respondents agreed that the design and practical functions developed in the app are relevant in dealing with the water problem. 10 30 2019 5923 5928 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3029.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3029109119/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia M.F. Osrin* A.M. Azmi* Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, ShahAlam, Selangor, Malaysia, H. Yusoff Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia N.A. Razak School of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang Characteristics of flow pass a shrouded cylinder were investigated experimentally using uniform and non-uniform hole shrouds. The experiments were performed to compare the effect of hole-uniformity of the perforated shroud on the cylinder lift and drag. The porosity for uniform hole shrouds in triangular and square configurations were set around 0.30, while that for non-uniform hole shrouds were set from 0.25 to 0.37. The diameter ratio between the shroud and the bare cylinder was set at 2.0. The experiment was performed in a wind tunnel at Reynolds Number of 9.345 x 103 based on the bare cylinder diameter and constant incoming air flow speed. Results showed that although all shrouded cylinder models reduced drag significantly in comparison to that of the bare cylinder case, the non-uniform hole shrouds were considerably effective than the uniform hole shrouds. Total drag reduction achieved by the non-uniform hole shrouds of 30% porosity was between 90-95% whereas that of uniform hole was only 55-80% at the same porosity. 10 30 2019 5929 5935 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3030.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3030109119/ Mechanical & Manufacturing Section, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysia France Institute, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. Izatul Hamimi Abdul Razak* Mohamad Ali Ahmad* Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Nadia Nurul Nabihah Ahmad Fuad Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. In the present study, palm oil has been tested to study its capability as a lubricant to replace commercial mineral oil. To enrich the performance, nanoparticles additives were added. Previous studies proved that by adding the small size of additives into lubricating oil can lessen the friction and improve anti-wear properties. In this research, the size of the nanoparticle used was below 20nm. Four ball tester following ASTM D4072-94 was conducted to determine the optimum concentration of palm oil bio-lubricant with Nano-clay additive ranged from 0.02% to 0.08%wt. The results discovered that 0.04wt% of Nano-clay additive added into palm oil was the optimum concentration of the lubricant with the coefficient of friction 0.081, which recorded 16% reduction as compared to mineral oil (20W-40) – the reference lubricant. It also shows good anti-wear ability which the wear scar diameter was improved by 32%. The oil was then tested in journal bearing to characterize the hydrodynamic lubrication properties. The properties that have been observed were the coefficient of friction, pressure profile and temperature profile. The results showed that modified palm oil with Nano-clay provided better performance with low coefficient of friction (reduced more than 50% as compared to mineral oil) and also temperature profile (reduced up to 20% compared to mineral oil). As for the pressure profile, even slightly higher pressure recorded for palm oil due to lower viscosity, yet the pressure was improved with the presence of Nano-clay additive. In overall, it had been proven that palm oil with Nano-clay additive shows massive potential as an alternative lubricant to the same range with the current industrial mineral oil. 10 30 2019 5936 5942 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3031.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3031109119/ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Mohammad Azeeb MAZLAN Wan Fatimatul Aifaa WAN FADZIL Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Helmi RASHID Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Abdul Halim ABDULLAH Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Symbrachydactyly is a genetical problem occurred to newborn where the newborn experienced underdeveloped or shorten fingers. This condition will limit their normal as even a simple task of holding an item or pushing a button. A device is needed to help them gain a better life. The aim of this project is to fabricate a customized prosthesis hand using 3D printing technology at minimum cost. The proposed prosthetic was not embedded with any electrical component. The patient can only use the wrist to control the prosthetic part which is the prosthetic fingers. The prosthetic hand was also being developed with the patient specific features, which the initial design stage was adapted from a person’s hand geometry using a 3D scanner. Next the model of the prosthesis was analyzed computationally to predict the performance of the product. Different material properties are considered in the analysis to present Polylactic Acid (PLA) and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) materials. Then, the prosthesis was fabricated using the 3D printing. The results suggested that PLA material indicated better findings and further be fabricated. 10 30 2019 5943 5947 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3032.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3032109119/ Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pahang, Malaysia Nor Yuziah Mohd Yunus* Nur Wafa Amalina Amali Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia. Nur Sakinah Mohamed Tamat Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pahang, Malaysia Wan Mohd Nazri Wan Abdul Rahman* Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pahang, Malaysia A study was conducted to evaluate the influenced of flexural strength toward screw withdrawal (SW) and surface soundness (SS) based on selected commercial particleboard. The SW and SS is an important criteria for utilization of boards in application involving board surface properties and board reaction towards usage of fastener. The material was collected from MIECO Manufacturing Sdn. Bhd. The selected commercial particleboard includes 3 different thickness of board (16mm, 18mm and 25mm) were tested. The particleboard ratio was 60% rubberwood and 40% mixed tropical wood with dimension of 60 cm x 120 cm x thickness of board. This study is to investigate the mechanical properties of board that determined internal bonding, flexural, SW and SS of board. The result shows there is correlation on flexural. Meanwhile for SS, the positive correlation was with value of 0.415 according to Pearson correlation analysis. 10 30 2019 5948 5851 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3033.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3033109119/ Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pahang, Malaysia Wan Mohd Nazri Wan Abdul Rahman* Nur Aishah Sajali Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia Nor Yuziah Mohd Yunus* Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Pahang, Malaysia Glue-laminated timbers were produced using two species, Kelampayan and Sesendok. Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) was used as binder for the glue-laminated timber manufacturing. Screws with same diameter (3.5mm) and length (50mm), but with different angle and distance of pitch were used. The screw-withdrawal test position was selected for 3 direction designated as the surface, front and side. The test result found that both of pitches of screws are suitable for Kelampayan species. In side position, Kelampayan species showed the best screw holding strength and this result is followed by Sesendok species. In surface position, Pitch 2 has highest withdrawal strength for the Kelampayan species. In all position, Pitch 1 is suitable for Sesendok species and Pitch 2 is suitable for Kelampayan species. In both of pitches, Kelampayan attained higher withdrawal strength when compared to Sesendok. 10 30 2019 5952 5956 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3034.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3034109119/ Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Suzihaque M.U.H* Nur Fatin Aimuni Azman Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Rosa extract containing anthocyanin was integrated into starch-chitosan based film with glycerol as a plasticizer to develop a biodegradable film with acid base dye indicator. Anthocyanin is a pH sensitive compound that changes color when exposed to different pH. The color changes varied depends on the pH. A film aliquot was prepared by mixing rose extract, starch solution, chitosan solution with glycerol. The aliquot was casted in a petri dish at 40°C for 2days. Several tests were done to determine the biological, chemical and physical properties of the film. The tensile strength of the film was found to be in the range of 4.17MPa and 5.42MPa. The film was placed at 2 different temperatures for 4 days to determine the performance of the films and the effects of the temperature towards the film. 10 30 2019 5957 5961 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A3035.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A3035109119/ Research Scholar, ECE Department, JNTUK, Kakinda, India. A. Gangadhar* K. Babulu Professor, ECE department, JNTUK, Kakinda, India. In this paper, Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor (CNTFET) based Binary Content Addressable Memory (BCAM) array is presented. The CAM array comprises of address decoders, encoders, data drivers and BCAM cells. Performance analysis is carried for 4X4 BCAM array. Each BCAM cell is designed based on adiabatic logic with optimum CNTFET parameter for low power and high speed applications. The performance of proposed BCAM array is analyzed for average power, peak power and search delay. The proposed CNTFET based BCAM array show improvement in the performance compared to that of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) based BCAM array. The average power and peak power of the proposed 4x4 CNTFET BCAM array are in the range of micro watt (μW) while it is in the range of milli watt (mW) for CMOS based BCAM array. The search delay of the proposed 4X4 CNTFET BCAM array is improved by 32.3% compared to that of CMOS based BCAM array. All simulations are conducted for both CNTFET and CMOS based BCAM cells, BCAM array in HSPICE at 32 nm technology. 10 30 2019 5962 5965 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A1335.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A1335109119/ Department of Arab Academy for Science, Technology, Chhattisgarh India. El Ghazy B. L.* El Nadi M. H. Department of Arab Academy for Science, Technology, Chhattisgarh India. Nasr N. A. H. Department of Arab Academy for Science, Technology, Chhattisgarh India. El Monayeri. O. D Department of Arab Academy for Science, Technology, Chhattisgarh India. The demand for natural resources is rising tremendously as a result of the current urban expansion. Water and energy are the two main focuses of the environmental scientific society due to their anticipated scarcity. A desalination approach using algae ponds along with an electricity generation technique are provided in the present study. This is achieved through the use of Chlorella vulgaris, a fresh water algae residing in ponds, and large scale chamber-less bio- photo voltaic cell (BPV). Chlorella vulgaris was found to generate an electric current from the pond whilst causing concurrent desalination. This study proves the possibility of simultaneous power generation and salt removal using Chlorella vulgaris and opens doors for massive research potential in the fields of renewable energy and desalination. 10 30 2019 5966 5970 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 10.35940/BEIESP.CrossMarkPolicy www.ijeat.org true 10.35940/ijeat.A1477.109119 https://www.ijeat.org/portfolio-item/A1477109119/