Volume-10 Issue-5, June 2021 – International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT)

E35240611522

IJEAT Journal — Sat, 23 Apr 2022 07:17:48 +0000

The International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) has ISSN: 2249-8958 (online), an open-access, peer-reviewed, periodical bi-monthly international journal, which is published by Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP) in February, April, June, August, October and December. 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Calibration of WRF-Hydro for Bhagirathi – Alaknanda Basin
Tanmay Dhar¹, Mario M. Miglietta², Bhupendra S. Rawat³
¹Tanmay Dhar*, Department of Physics, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun (Uttarakhand), India.
²Dr. Mario M. Miglietta, National Research Council of Italy—Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), Padua, Italy.
³Dr. Bhupendra S. Rawat, Department of Physics, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun (Uttarakhand), India.
Manuscript received on 14 April 2022. | Revised Manuscript received on 22 April 2022. | Manuscript published on 30 June 2022. | PP: 24-29 | Volume-11 Issue-5, June 2022. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.E35240611522 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.E3524.0611522
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Complemented with the coupling of the most sensitive and challenging interaction between terrestrial hydrology and atmosphere, the Bhagirathi-Alaknanda basin of the Garhwal Himalaya requires advanced dynamic and most comprehensively coupled atmospheric-hydrological models for simulation of streamflows. WRF-Hydro model which is enhanced by integrating most advanced set of hydrologic physics parameterization accounting for lateral water flow occurring on the land surface is the most compatible for this basin. This paper illustrates the development and the calibration of WRF-Hydro model through construction of flow matrices for different seasons.
Keywords: WRF-Hydro Model Which Is Enhanced By Integrating
Scope of the Article: Environmental Physics/Meteorology & Hydrology

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E0470061512

IJEAT Journal — Fri, 22 Oct 2021 06:14:10 +0000

Financial Analysis of Infrastructure Project – A Case Study on Built-Operate-Transfer Project in India
Ashish P. Waghmare¹, S. S. Pimplikar²
¹Ashish P. Waghmare, M.E. (Construction & Management), Pune University (MIT College) Pune, India.
²Dr. S. S. Pimplikar, Civil Engg. (HOD), Pune University (MIT College) Pune, India.
Manuscript received on May 27, 2012. | Revised Manuscript received on June 12, 2012. | Manuscript published on June 30, 2012. | PP: 193-200 | Volume-1 Issue-5, June 2012. | Retrieval Number: E0470061512/2012©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: The build operate transfer scheme can be advantageously adopted by administrations in India for implementing transport infrastructure projects, such as the construction of bridges, road without undue strain on their declining budgetary resources relating to the toll structure, toll revision schedule, extent of the grant, and duration of the concession period. Feasibility report is prepared during the initial phase or definition phase of the project. Updating and validation of the feasibility report is required for implementation of the project. the project can be implemented as per techno economics stipulation made in the feasibility report. A feasibility report is prepared to present an in-depth techno economic analysis carried out on the project and contain result of technical as well as economic evaluation of the project so that the owner can take investment decision and the project can be properly planned and implemented . The viability of any project mainly depend on the technical analysis, financial analysis, economic analysis, ecological analysis. Hence it can be very well understood that feasibility study is the base for the success of a project and the major part of this success lies in proper financial analysis. Financial analysis is useful for every business entity to enhance their performance, competitive strength and access their financial stability and profitability of the firm. This paper investigates the financial analysis of the BOT project.
Keywords: BOT Infrastructure projects, profitability statement, cash flow statement, DSCR, payback period.

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C22260210321

IJEAT Journal — Thu, 21 Oct 2021 03:51:03 +0000

Assessment of Implementation of Energy Efficiency Measures, Savings Achieved and Barriers to Implementation at Various Firms in the Hospitality Industry in Kenya
Anne Kariuki¹, Ernest Odhiambo²
¹Anne Kariuki*, Energy Management, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
²Ernest Odhiambo, Thermo-Fluids Lecturer, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
Manuscript received on February 05, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on March 03, 2021. | Manuscript published on April 30, 2021. | PP: 10-23 | Volume-10 Issue-4, April 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.C22260210321 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.C2226.0410421
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: The approval of the Energy Act 2006 in Kenya was followed with energy audits and efficiency campaigns, collaboration by different institutions and specialized training driven using various platforms. The energy audits help in the identification of conservation opportunities. Since 2006, over 1,000 energy audits have been performed. Efforts have been made to advance the management of the energy agenda in addition to establishing an enabling and effective environment through legislation. These methods include energy efficiency campaigns like the replacement of inefficient bulbs with LEDs that targeted more than a million households by the national utility company Kenya Power through its Demand Side Management department. The study adopted a descriptive research design and targeted hotels and restaurants within Nairobi. Primary data was collected by means of a semi structured questionnaire. The same unit is in-charge of ensuring that consumers use the energy they have efficiently by readily offering information. According to the Energy Regulations 2012, Energy audits are compulsory for facilities that have an annual consumption above 180,001 kWh. The sector is regulated by the Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) which issues licenses through a rigorous process to individuals and firms who have qualified to conduct energy audits within the designated facilities. Learning institutions have also started coming up with specialized training to assist in capacity building of individuals within the sector. Several certification courses which are recognized in the country and internationally have been embraced by the regulating body and the experts in the fraternity. This review paper aimed at investigating the implementation of measures of energy efficiency, savings attained and the challenges faces in different organizations within the hospitality sector in Kenya. The paper aimed at solving the problem of energy efficiency measures in the hospitality sector since there are no proper placed policies managing the energy sector in Kenya.
Keywords: Energy Efficiency, Implementation, Barriers, Hospitality Industry and Measures.
Scope of the Article: Energy Efficiency

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C21410210321

IJEAT Journal — Thu, 21 Oct 2021 03:40:13 +0000

Detection and Tracking of Lane Crossing Vehicles in Traffic Video for Abnormality Analysis
Arun Kumar H D¹, Prabhakar C J²
¹Arun Kumar H D*, Lecturer, Department of Computer Science and MCA, Kuvempu University, Karnataka, India.
²Prabhakar C J, Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science and M.C.A, Kuvempu University, Karnataka, India.
Manuscript received on January 05, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on March 30, 2021. | Manuscript published on April 30, 2021. | PP: 1-9 | Volume-10 Issue-4, April 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.C21410210321 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.C2141.0410421
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Abstract: In this paper, we present a novel approach for detection and tracking of lane crossing/illegal lane crossing vehicles in traffic video of urban highways. For that intention, an initial pace is performed that estimates the road region of the geometrical structure. After finding the road region, every vehicle is tracked in order to detect lane crossing vehicles according to the distance between lane lines and vehicle centre, it is followed by tracking of lane crossing vehicles based on model-based strategy. The proposed system has been evaluated using recall and precision metric, which are received using experiments carried on selected video sequences of GRAM-RTM dataset and publically available video sequences. The experimental results present that our method reaches the highest accuracy for detection of vehicles and tracking of lane crossing vehicles.
Keywords: Illegal Lane Crossing, Abnormal Events, Lane Line Detection, Background Detection.
Scope of the Article: Network traffic characterization and measurements

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E27530610521

IJEAT Journal — Thu, 21 Oct 2021 03:24:46 +0000

MANET of an Effective Defence Scheme for Suggestion Based Trust Model
Barath Kumar R¹, Stalin Alex²¹Barath Kumar R*, M.Tech, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SET-Jain University, Bengaluru (Karnataka), India.
²Dr. Stalin Alex, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SET-Jain University, Bengaluru (Karnataka), India.
Manuscript received on June 02, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on June 09, 2021. | Manuscript published on June 30, 2021. | PP: 453-456 | Volume-10 Issue-5, June 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.E27530610521 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.E2753.0610521
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: The immovable nature of passing on packages through multi -bounce middle hubs is a critical problem in the versatile impromptu organizations (MANETs). The disseminated versatile hubs set up associations with structure the MANET, which may incorporate childish and getting into mischief hubs. Suggestion based trust the board is proposed in the creating as a system to evaluate through the acting up hubs while looking for a bundle conveyance course. Nonetheless, building a trust model that embraces suggestions by different hubs in the organization is a difficult issue because of the danger of deceptive proposals like reviling, voting form stuffing, and conspiracy. we examines the issues identified with assaults presented by getting rowdy hubs while proliferating suggestions in the current trust models. We propose a suggestion based trust model with a safeguard plot, which uses grouping method to progressively sift through assaults identified with exploitative proposals between certain time dependent on number of collaborations, similarity of data and closeness between the hubs. We evaluate the trust degree as two cases like direct and indirect trust values between neighboring nodes from source. To form a clustering routing network from similar trust values from S to D.The model is experimentally tried under a few portable and detached geographies in which hubs experience changes in their local prompting regular course changes. The observational investigation shows heartiness and exactness of the trust model in a dynamic MANET climate.
Keywords: Dynamically Filter, Clustering, AODV Protocol, MANET
Scope of the Article: Clustering

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E28830610521

IJEAT Journal — Thu, 21 Oct 2021 03:19:07 +0000

Design and Analysis of Co-planar Waveguide Fed Circular Monopole Antenna for Ultra Wideband Application
Samom Jayananda Singh¹, Rajesh Kumar²
¹Samom Jayananda Singh*, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, NERIST, Nirjuli (Arunachal Pradesh), India.
²Rajesh Kumar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, NERIST, Nirjuli (Arunachal Pradesh), India.
Manuscript received on June 20, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on June 26, 2021. | Manuscript published on June 30, 2021. | PP: 449-452 | Volume-10 Issue-5, June 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.E28830610521 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.E2883.0610521
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Abstract: A Printed monopole antenna with coplanar waveguide (CPW)- fed having circular shape patch to met the Ultra Wideband technology whose bandwidth is greater than 500MHz is proposed in this article. To enhance the bandwidth co-planar ground plane plays a great role for a frequency band which belong to mid band for 5G frequency spectrum. A good radiation pattern which is usually in 8shape can be achieved with this proposed antenna.
Keywords: Printed Monopole Antenna, UWB(Ultra Wideband), CPW (Co-Planar Waveguide)

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E28800610521

IJEAT Journal — Thu, 21 Oct 2021 03:12:29 +0000

Real – Time Trajectory and Velocity Planning for Autonomous Vehicles
Hrishikesh Dey¹, Rithika Ranadive², Abhishek Chaudhari³
¹Hrishikesh Dey*, Department of Electronics Engineering, VES Institute of Technology, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India.
²Rithika Ranadive, Department of Electronics Engineering, VES Institute of Technology, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India.
³Abhishek Chaudhari, Department of Electronics Engineering, VES Institute of Technology, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India.
Manuscript received on June 20, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on June 29, 2021. | Manuscript published on June 30, 2021. | PP: 439-448 | Volume-10 Issue-5, June 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.E28800610521 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.E2880.0610521
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Path planning algorithm integrated with a velocity profile generation-based navigation system is one of the most important aspects of an autonomous driving system. In this paper, a real-time path planning solution to obtain a feasible and collision-free trajectory is proposed for navigating an autonomous car on a virtual highway. This is achieved by designing the navigation algorithm to incorporate a path planner for finding the optimal path, and a velocity planning algorithm for ensuring a safe and comfortable motion along the obtained path. The navigation algorithm was validated on the Unity 3D Highway-Simulated Environment for practical driving while maintaining velocity and acceleration constraints. The autonomous vehicle drives at the maximum specified velocity until interrupted by vehicular traffic, whereas then, the path planner, based on the various constraints provided by the simulator using µWebSockets, decides to either decelerate the vehicle or shift to a more secure lane. Subsequently, a splinebased trajectory generation for this path results in continuous and smooth trajectories. The velocity planner employs an analytical method based on trapezoidal velocity profile to generate velocities for the vehicle traveling along the precomputed path. To provide smooth control, an s-like trapezoidal profile is considered that uses a cubic spline for generating velocities for the ramp-up and ramp-down portions of the curve. The acceleration and velocity constraints, which are derived from road limitations and physical systems, are explicitly considered. Depending upon these constraints and higher module requirements (e.g., maintaining velocity, and stopping), an appropriate segment of the velocity profile is deployed. The motion profiles for all the use-cases are generated and verified graphically.
Keywords: Frenet Coordinate System, Path Planning, Spline Interpolation, Trapezoidal Velocity Curve, Velocity Profile
Scope of the Article: Path Planning

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E28700610521

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 19 Oct 2021 12:23:44 +0000

Smart Transportation System using IOT
Deeplaxmi V. Niture¹, Vivekanand Dhakane², Piyush Jawalkar³, Ankit Bamnote⁴
¹Dr. Deeplaxmi V. Niture*, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering. College of Engineering Pune (COEP) Pune, India.
²Vivekanand Dhakane, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering. College of Engineering Pune (COEP) Pune, India.
³Piyush Jawalkar, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering. College of Engineering Pune (COEP) Pune, India.
⁴Ankit Bamnote, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering. College of Engineering Pune (COEP) Pune, India.
Manuscript received on June 20, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on June 26, 2021. | Manuscript published on June 30, 2021. | PP: 434-438 | Volume-10 Issue-5, June 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.E28700610521 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.E2870.0610521
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Abstract: In this paper a Smart Vehicle Assistance and Monitoring system (SVAMS) is presented. SVAMS is an intelligent transportation system (ITS), developed to tackle various traffic related issues. It is a traffic management, monitoring and optimization solution in which all the vehicles are interconnected through Zigbee and are monitored and assisted centrally, by a data center. The system has two parts; one part is mounted in/on the vehicle and the other part is at the data centre. Part one collects data from various sensors and transmits it to central data centre. All the data will be stored on cloud for further analysis, processing and future use. SVAMS is relatively low-cost, compact and has various functionalities such as emergency response, pollution level monitoring, automatic toll collection, traffic rule violation detection, vehicle tracking, etc. The use of SVAMS will help to build up Clean, Corruption free and Crime free (C-3) cities.
Keywords: Emergency services, message passing, vehicle safety, wireless mesh network, ZigBee.
Scope of the Article: Transportation Engineering

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E28680610521

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 19 Oct 2021 12:16:33 +0000

Thai Sign Language Image Recognition for the Hearing-Impaired using Radial Inverse Force Histogram combined with Max-Min Boundary
Nattapong Songneam
Nattapong Songneam*, Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Phranakhon Rajaphat University, Bangkok, Thailand. Email:
Manuscript received on June 19, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on June 25, 2021. | Manuscript published on June 30, 2021. | PP: 422-433 | Volume-10 Issue-5, June 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.E28680610521 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.E2756.0610521
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Sign language image recognition is also a very interesting research topic. Because it can be applied to help normal people understand and use it as a communication tool for the hearing impaired. The objectives of this research were to: 1) study and analyze Thai Sign Language image recognition image data for hearing impaired, 2) develop Thai Sign Language image recognition system for hearing impaired by using new techniques, and 3) measure the efficiency of Thai sign language image recognition for hearing impaired using Radial Inverse Force Histogram and the Maximum and Minimum boundary values. The results of the research were as follows: 1) The study and analysis of image data of Thai Sign Language Image Recognition In this research, 62,694 sign language images were used, divided into 2 parts: 1) American Sign Language images, which consisted of 36 groups of images, namely 26 groups of letters (AZ) and 10 groups of numbers (0-9), and Part 2) Picture of Thai Sign Language consisting of 61 groups of images, including 44 groups of letters (ก-ฮ), 7 groups of vowels and 10 groups of numbers (0-9). Each group of pictures is rotated, enlarged, and Image promotion There were 6 sub-groups of images in various forms, divided into 2 parts: 70% of the images for training and 30% of the images for testing. 3) The results of measuring the efficiency of image recognition. It is divided into two parts: American Sign Language Image Recognition and Thai Sign Language Image Recognition. Compared with the Angular histogram method, the mean image accuracy was 0.86, the recall of the mean American sign language was 0.91, and the accuracy of the Thai Sign Language was 0.78. The recognition performance for Thai Sign Language images averaged 0.89, while the recognition efficiency was achieved when using radial inverse force histograms in combination with image similarity measurements with maximum-minimum boundary values. Accuracy for Mean American Sign Language was 0.99 and Remembrance for Mean American Sign was 1.00, while Accuracy for Mean Thai Sign Language was 0.89. Mean Remembrance for Thai Sign Language was 0.96. The results of the visual recognition performance measurement of both the American Sign Language and the Thai Sign Language images were very good compared to the Angular Histogram method.
Keywords: Image Recognition, Thai Sign Language, American Sign Language, Hearing-Impaired, Radial Inverse Force Histogram, Maximum and Minimum Boundary Values
Scope of the Article: Image Processing and Pattern Recognition

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E28990610521

IJEAT Journal — Tue, 19 Oct 2021 12:11:20 +0000

An Overview of Milestones of Big Data Analytics in Clinical and Medical Analysis
Manu M R¹, B Balamurugan²
¹Manu M R*, Research Scholar, School of Computing Science and Engineering, Galgotias University, Greater Noida (U.P), India.
²Dr. B Balamurugan, Associate Professor, School of Computing Science and Engineering, Galgotias University, Greater Noida (U.P), India
Manuscript received on June 23, 2021. | Revised Manuscript received on June 23, 2021. | Manuscript published on June 30, 2021. | PP: 416-421 | Volume-10 Issue-5, June 2021. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.E28990610521 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.E2899.0610521
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: The technological advancements make changes during availability of knowledge in a huge way. As the volume of data is increasing exponentially, there is a need for better management of data to research and industry. This data, referred to as Big Data, is now employed by various organizations to extract valuable information which may reanalyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends and associations revealing the human interaction and behavior for making various industrial decisions But the data must be optimized, integrated, secured and visualized to make any effective decision. Analyzing of the large volume of data is not beneficial always unless it is analyzed properly. The existing techniques are insufficient to analyze the large Data and identify the frequent services accessed by the cloud users. Various services can be integrated to provide a better environment to work in emergency cases pretty earlier. Using these services, people become widely vulnerable to exposure. The data is large and provides an insight in to future predictions, which could definitely prevent maximum medical cases from happening. But without big data analytics techniques and therefore the Hadoop cluster, this data remains useless. Through this paper, we’ll explain how real time data may be useful to research and predict severe
Keywords: Big Data, Medical Big Data mining, EHR, EMR, Hadoop, Hbase, Mapreduce, HDFS, Hive, Cassandra
Scope of the Article: Data mining

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