Volume-10 Issue-2, December 2020 – International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT)

A16441010120

IJEAT Journal — Sat, 23 Oct 2021 10:07:04 +0000

The International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) has ISSN: 2249-8958 (online), an open-access, peer-reviewed, periodical bi-monthly international journal, which is published by Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP) in February, April, June, August, October and December. 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Hybrid Electric Charging Station using Raspberry Pi
Arabi Madharshan¹, Aravinth², Dheneshraajan³, Gokul⁴, P. Praveena⁵
¹Arabi Madharshan*, Under Graduate Student, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, KPRIET, Arasur, Kovai (Tamil Nadu), India
²Aravinth, UG Scholar, Under Graduate Student, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, KPRIET, Arasur, Kovai (Tamil Nadu), India
³Dheneshraajan, Under Graduate Student, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, KPRIET, Arasur, Kovai (Tamil Nadu), India
⁴Gokul, Under Graduate Student, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, KPRIET, Arasur, Kovai (Tamil Nadu), India
⁵Praveena P, Assist Prof, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, KPRIET, Arasur, Kovai (Tamil Nadu), India
Manuscript received on September 02, 2020. | Revised Manuscript received on September 15, 2020. | Manuscript published on October 30, 2020. | PP: 1-3 | Volume-10 Issue-1, October 2020. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.A16441010120 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.A1644.1010120
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Our world is running out of fossil fuel so people start to change themselves and started to use an electric vehicle. In electric vehicles the charging is a big deal, this project includes solar and wind energy charging mechanism to generate power for electric vehicle both day and night. And it contains Raspberry pi that is programmed to calculate the amount of power charged for an electric vehicle, then the user can know that the information via Blynk application. The power generated by solar panel setup is given to the battery via DC-DC converter because the power from solar panel setup is a variable DC, so that is converted into pure DC. And the power generated by wind generator setup is given to battery via AC – DC converter, the power from a wind generator is AC, so that is converted into DC.
Keywords: Battery, Charge Controller, Raspberry Pi, Solar Panel.
Scope of the Article: Renewable Energy Technology

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B20841210220

IJEAT Journal — Sat, 23 Oct 2021 09:50:53 +0000

Applying Deep Learning Neural Networks in Predicting Students’ Cumulative Grades
Elmasry¹, Mohamed Abbas²
¹Elmasry*, National Egyptian E-Leaning University (EELU), Giza, Egypt.
²Mohamed Abbas, National Egyptian E-Leaning University (EELU), Giza, Egypt.
Manuscript received on December 02, 2020. | Revised Manuscript received on December 05, 2020. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2020. | PP: 293-297 | Volume-10 Issue-2, December 2020. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.B20841210220 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.B2084.1210220
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: The distinguished universities aim to provide quality education to their students. One way to achieve the highest quality in university studies is to discover knowledge to predict student performance and grades in courses etc. Recently, the amount of data stored in educational databases is accumulating very quickly, as these databases contain indirect information that can be used to improve student performance. Academic performance is affected by many factors, so it is necessary to predict student performance to determine the difference between students who are excelling in studies and students who need to exert more effort to improve their performance and their level of achievement. Hidden or Indirect knowledge is part of the educational data set and can be extracted using various means, such as data mining techniques and the use of classification, and deep learning through neural networks. This paper has been designed to extract knowledge describing students’ performance in the courses required for graduation, in a way that helps academic advisors in providing academic advice and guidance to students to improve their cumulative grades.
Keywords: Deer Learning, Neural Networks, Classification, Data Mining, Academic Performance, CGPA.
Scope of the Article: Deep Learning

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B20001210220

IJEAT Journal — Sat, 23 Oct 2021 09:38:53 +0000

Parametric Study and Simulation of Horizontal Split Casing Pump by using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Ramesh. S. Gavade¹, Suresh M. Sawant²
¹Ramesh S. Gavade*, Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, RIT Rajaramnagar, Shivaji University, Kolhapur (M.H) India.
²Suresh M. Sawant, Department of Mechanical Engineering, RIT Rajaramnagar, Shivaji University, Kolhapur (M.H) India.
Manuscript received on December 02, 2020. | Revised Manuscript received on December 05, 2020. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2020. | PP: 288-292 | Volume-10 Issue-2, December 2020. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.B20001210220 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.B2000.1210220
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: The pump requirement is required to meet the specified performance parameters means the required pressure (head) and flow, using less power. For water pump applications, periodic maintenance is required to check worn parts such as wear ring, shaft sleeves. In such a case the direct separation case pumps are reliable. If a given work point can meet the range of pumps of the available separate cases, it is necessary to develop a new pump and the upgraded pump should be more efficient with the considered power problems. With the help of computational fluid dynamics, the complex internal flow of the pump in the case of equilibrium separation can be accurately predicted, thus facilitating the construction of the pump. Simulation provides the most complete performance testing and important diagnostic details that help the engineer quickly and increase composition. As a result, the company is able to quickly create new designs such as a fully patented water pump with a patent. Pressure suction can be problematic during operation and operation of centrifugal pumps. Such pressure stimulants are traditionally investigated but quantitative analysis techniques allow these effects to be tested. Numerical analysis is done with a multi-reference framework to predict the flow field within the entire pipeline and impeller.
Keywords: Centrifugal pump, CFD, BEP, CAE, RANS model
Scope of the Article: Fluid Dynamics

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B21111210220

IJEAT Journal — Sat, 23 Oct 2021 09:33:44 +0000

Iris Segmentation Based on Black Hole Algorithm for Biometric System
Tara Othman Qadir¹, N.S.A.M Taujuddin²
¹Tara Othman Qadir*, her postgraduate at this College of Science and was awarded M.SC. degree in Computer Science , University of Sulaimani City Sulaimani, Lecturer in Salahaddin University Erbil in Collge of Engineering department Software Engineering ,in city Erbil in Country.Iraq.
²N. S. A. M, Taujuddin, Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.
Manuscript received on December 02, 2020. | Revised Manuscript received on December 05, 2020. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2020. | PP: 281-287| Volume-10 Issue-2, December 2020. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.B21111210220 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.B2111.1210220
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Current iris recognition schemes such as Integro-Differential method, Hough Transform, Watershed Transform Circle Fitting, and Circular Hough Transformation (CHT) are used to find circular parameters between pupil and iris. Segmentation process of an eye image using the circular parameters toextracts the iris region still can be further improved. In this paper, we introduced an optimization method of circular parameters detection for iris segmentation based on Black Hole Algorithm (BHA). The proposed segmentation algorithm utilizes a computational model of the pixels’ value to detect the iris boundary. The BHA searches for center radius of both pupil and iris. The system tests the CASIA Iris Interval V3 database by on MATLAB. The segmented images show an accuracy of 98.3%. In short, the segmentation-based on BHA is efficient to identify the iris for any future access control applications.
Keywords: Black Hole Algorithm, Biometric, Iris recognition, Image processing, Segmentation.
Scope of the Article: Image processing

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B20891210220

IJEAT Journal — Sat, 23 Oct 2021 09:27:40 +0000

Digital Technology for Assessing the Color of Textile Materials
Gerasimenko Nicolay I.¹, Raykova Elena Y²
¹Gerasimenko Nicolay I*, department of Physics, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
²Raykova Elena Y., department of Commodity Science, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
Manuscript received on December 02, 2020. | Revised Manuscript received on December 20, 2020. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2020. | PP: 277-280 | Volume-10 Issue-2, December 2020. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.B20891210220 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.B2089.1210220
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: One way to express yourself in clothes is through color. Color is a tool of influence. It determines the aesthetic properties of clothing. At the same time, the nature of color is physical, which allows for an objective assessment. The proposed article substantiates the possibility of using a flatbed scanner to measure the color characteristics of textile materials. This topic is very relevant today, which makes the work useful for professionals interested in studying the characteristics and color stability of textile materials. The presented method differs in the speed of data processing. All information about the color characteristics of product samples can be obtained in one test. Experimental data are presented in digital form, which increases the accuracy and reduces the complexity of further processing.
Keywords: BMP files, color, materials, scanner, textiles.
Scope of the Article: Textile Engineering

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B21121210220

IJEAT Journal — Sat, 23 Oct 2021 09:20:00 +0000

Adaptiveness of Traditional Judicial Systems to Digital Forms of Evidence
Banipriya Mishra¹, Supriya Mishra²
¹Banipriya Mishra*, KIIT School of Law,KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha , India.
²Supriya Mishra, Lecturer in Information Technology, Skill Development & Technical Education Deptt, Government of Orissa, Bhubaneswar, Odisha , India.
Manuscript received on December 02, 2020. | Revised Manuscript received on December 05, 2020. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2020. | PP: 268-276 | Volume-10 Issue-2, December 2020. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.B21121210220 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.B2112.1210220
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: “Digital India” scheme announced by current administration initially had many detractors. But with its finger on the correct pulse of Young, Emergent India, much facilitations were provided with the sole aim to bridge technology with the masses. Hence today smart phones, laptops and computers have become house-hold names even in previously inaccessible areas. But on the down-side we also see a severe increase in crimes committed using computers and internet. Technology is an ever-changing phenomenon. It keeps changing, updating and even reviving itself. Crime has parallelly evolved with the evolution of newer technologies and high-end equipments and tool. With the metamorphosis of criminal-activities from physical world to digital realm, a perpetrator can easily plan, execute and accomplish a crime without being actually physically present at the site of crime, thus making it difficult for investigators, law enforcement officials and traditional legal systems completely depending on physical evidence to recognize the real culprit or to determine guilt and decide the degree of punishment. Using a desktop system or a laptop or even a Smartphone, the criminal can exploit the power of internet, Bluetooth ,Wi-Fi technologies , 4G data-transfer speeds and web-servers to execute an unlawful act sitting miles away from the place where the actual crime happens thereafter leaving absolutely no physical trail of the execution of the offence. Under these conditions, it becomes imperative to utilize digital footprints as they are the only way to determine the factuality of execution of an unlawful act and to identify the real culprit. As the guiding principle of IPC goes “Innocent until proven guilty”, digital footprints have to be given their rightful due in the existing Judicial system to help in confirming execution of an unlawful act, detecting the actual culprit and determining the amount of punishment. This paper attempts to highlight the significance of digital footprints and usage of the same by the existing Justice Systems to corroborate, attest and substantiate the execution of an unlawful act.
Keywords: Digital, Footprints, Justice, crime, real, culprit, internet, world-wide web, dark-web.
Scope of the Article: internet

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B21091210220

IJEAT Journal — Sat, 23 Oct 2021 09:11:07 +0000

Anonymization Framework for IoT Resource Discovery based on Edge Centric Privacy Model
Santosh Pattar¹, Lakshmi K N², Rajkumar Buyya³, Venugopal K R⁴, S S Iyengar⁵, L M Patnaik⁶
¹Santosh Pattar*, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India.
²Lakshmi K N, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India.
³Rajkumar Buyya, Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Lab, School of Computing and Information Systems, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria.
⁴Venugopal K R, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India.
⁵S S Iyengar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida USA
⁶L M Patnaik, Consciousness Studies Program, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
Manuscript received on December 02, 2020. | Revised Manuscript received on December 05, 2020. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2020. | PP: 255-267 | Volume-10 Issue-2, December 2020. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.B21091210220 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.B2109.1210220
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: As the efficacy of Internet of Things is expeditiously growing, maintaining privacy with respect users and applications has become a significant aspect. Since the data is getting generated at tremendous rate that includes Sensitive data (any data considered as private by the Data-owner) which has to be hidden, especially the data collected from the Crowd-Source. Due to resource-constrained sensing devices, IoT infrastructures use Edge devices for real-time data processing. Protecting sensitive data from malicious activity becomes a key factor, as all the communication flows through insecure channels. To develop security infrastructures for IoT and distributed Edge networks, this article proposes a user-centric security solution. The proposed security solution shifts from a network-centric approach to a user-centric security approach by authenticating users and devices before communication is established. The method presented herein is applied to an amusement park scenario, which is modeled as a typical smart IoT network. Here, data from sensors and social networks can boost smart lighting to provide citizens with an elegant and safe environment. However, it is challenging and infeasible to transfer and process zillions bytes of data using the current cloud-device architecture due to bandwidth constraints of networks, potentially uncontrollable latency of cloud services, and privacy concerns while collecting data from IoT devices. Firstly, a standalone IoT-edge system is developed, and later, an integrated IoT-based edge-cloud system is designed to compare the systems’ effectiveness. The implementation results show a close correlation between the standalone edge and dual mode edge system. However, the edge-cloud system provides more flexibility and capability to counter the sensitive data streaming and analytics services within the constrained IoT framework. In
Keywords: Communication is established. The method presented herein
Scope of the Article: Patterns and frameworks

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B20761210220

IJEAT Journal — Sat, 23 Oct 2021 08:50:02 +0000

Performance Study of Air Driven Engine Being Modified From Conventional Four Stroke Engine without Cam Modification
Amit
Mr. Amit*, Scientific Officer Department of Atomic Energy,Thermal engineering from Delhi
Manuscript received on December 02, 2020. | Revised Manuscript received on December 05, 2020. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2020. | PP: 250-254 | Volume-10 Issue-2, December 2020. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.B20761210220 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.B2076.1210220
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: This research presents a novel mechanism to convert a conventional100-cc four stroke driven engine into a 2 stroke compressed air driven engine without doing any modifications in the cam shaft. This allows for a faster valve operation & also helping the existing engines to be converted into air driven engines with removal of intake and exhaust manifold and also provides a platform to curb the growing menace of air pollution by using the existing old engines to be used as air driven engine. Also, cycle of operation of the Air Engine has been representedon P-V diagram and theoretical efficiency has been calculated which is a function of pressure ratio and temperature, and comes out to be around 80 percent (@ Prr. Ratio of 10& Temp of 550K). Variation of rpm with percentage valve opening is seen at different pressure ratios and the maximum speed of the engine (after doing said modifications and running through compressed air)is observed to be 1573 rpm at a pressure of 9 bar with the developed mechanism for the existing 4 stroke maestro engine.
Keywords: Modifications, Ifferent pressure ratios.
Scope of the Article: CAD/CAM

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B20711210220

IJEAT Journal — Sat, 23 Oct 2021 08:40:48 +0000

Voltage Regulation of Hydro Standalone 1-Φ Micro Grid using Fuzzy Logic Based Adaptive Sliding Mode Control Algorithm
Ramya Vasamsetti¹, S. Varalakshmi², M. Mangalakshmi³
¹Mrs. Ramya Vasamsetti*, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Pragati Engineering College, Surampalem, Peddapuram. Ms.
²S.Varalakshmi, Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering in Pragati Engineering College, Surampalem, Peddapuram.
³Mrs. M.Manga Lakshmi, Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering College in Pragati Engineering College, Surampalem, Peddapuram.
Manuscript received on December 02, 2020. | Revised Manuscript received on December 05, 2020. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2020. | PP: 241-249 | Volume-10 Issue-2, December 2020. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.B20711210220 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.B2071.1210220
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Abstract: This paper presents an adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC) of an improved power quality standalone single phase microgrid system. The proposed microgrid system integrates a governor-less micro-hydro turbine driven single- phase two winding self-excited induction generator (SEIG) with a wind driven permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) generator, solar photo-voltaic (PV) array and a battery energy storage system (BESS). These renewable energy sources are integrated using only one single-phase voltage source converter (VSC). The ASMC based control algorithm is used to estimate the reference source current which controls the single-phase VSC and regulates the voltage and frequency of the microgrid in addition to harmonics current mitigation. The proposed ASMC estimates the reference real and reactive powers of the system, which is adaptive to the fluctuating loads. The sliding mode control is used to estimate the reference real power of the system to maintain the energy balance among wind, micro-hydro, solar PV power and BESS, which controls the frequency of standalone microgrid. The proposed microgrid is implemented in real time using a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) controller. Test results of proposed microgrid shows that the grid voltage and frequency are maintained constant while the system is following a sudden change in loads and under intermittent penetration of wind and solar energy sources.
Keywords: Standalone Microgrid, Renewable Energy Source, Single Phase SEIG, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS).
Scope of the Article: Fuzzy logic

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B21001210220

IJEAT Journal — Sat, 23 Oct 2021 07:45:08 +0000

Critical Aspects in Design and Construction of Open Type Shallow Highway Girders Across Railways.
Geetha M. P.¹, GirijaK.²
¹Geetha M. P.*, Ph D Scholar, College of Engineering Trivandrum, India.
²Dr. Girija K., Professor, College of Engineering Trivandrum, India.
Manuscript received on December 02, 2020. | Revised Manuscript received on December 05, 2020. | Manuscript published on December 30, 2020. | PP: 236-240 | Volume-10 Issue-2, December 2020. | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijeat.B21001210220 | DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.B2100.1210220
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Abstract: A highway bridge across railways in-lieu of the level crossing will surely be smoothening the road traffic and the rail traffic. Hence, it is essential to bridge across the railways at all the level crossing locations in a developing country. Due to the introduction of a bridge across a busy railway track, the necessity to negotiate the level difference happens. This level difference is more with the usage of the conventional type of girders. By this, the delay of the project due to land acquisition is considerable. The most suitable superstructure for such highway bridge is the deck with shallow open type pre-stressed girders. When multiple shallow, open-type girders are placed adjacently and integrated with a deck slab above these, the load distribution and sharing between girders are to be refined based on experimental studies and authors discussed the same within this paper. An experimental study on two Double-T cross-section pre-stressed model girders and deck assembly revealed the structural behaviour between girders. The results from the two-point load testing helped in developing various design methodologies in this study. An escalation of 17% in the design forces need to be considered on the results obtaining from the grillage analysis, to cater the unbalanced forces on the individual web of the open-type girder, during the eccentric loading condition. The Authors elaborated the design of shear friction reinforcement. The self-managing capacity of the spreading tendency of the webs of this type of girders is due to the counteracting of radial pressure generated from the pre-stressing force. The critical aspects of construction also dealt with in this paper without which the usage of open-type girders with ends closed cannot be encouraged. The authors developed conceptual designs for the removable internal shutter, launching scheme and demolishing of the bridge superstructure, in this study. The dismantling of the bridge is a rare requirement arises only when the number of track increases. The reuse of girder-deck assembly is also found possible and suggested in this paper.
Keywords: Shallow open type girders, Double-T pre-stressed girders, Highway bridge crossing railway, experimental study, removable internal shutter.
Scope of the Article: Construction Engineering

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