Increasing PPP Accuracy Using Permanent Stations Corrections
Ibrahim F. Shaker1, Tamer F. Fath-Allah2, Mohamed M. El-Habiby3, Ahmed E. Ragheb4, Alaa Al-Din I. Awad5

1Ibrahim F. Shaker, Public Works Department, Ain Shams University/ Faculty of Engineering/ Cairo, Egypt.
2Tamer F. Fath-Allah, Public Works Department, Ain Shams University/ Faculty of Engineering/ Cairo, Egypt.
3Mohamed M. El-Habiby, Public Works Department, Ain Shams University/ Faculty of Engineering/ Cairo, Egypt.
4Ahmed E. Ragheb, Public Works Department, Ain Shams University/ Faculty of Engineering/ Cairo, Egypt.
5Alaa Al-Din I. Awad, Public Works Department, Ain Shams University/ Faculty of Engineering/ Cairo, Egypt.

Manuscript received on 15 February 2017 | Revised Manuscript received on 22 February 2017 | Manuscript Published on 28 February 2017 | PP: 163-169 | Volume-6 Issue-3, February 2017 | Retrieval Number: C4866026317/17©BEIESP
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© The Authors. Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication (BEIESP). This is an open access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: One of the main current problems facing Global Positioning System (GPS) is to get the positions with high accuracy and low cost, effort and time. Two techniques are used in GPS positioning, which are the relative and point positioning. In common, the first technique provides the higher accuracy, but with higher cost and effort. Another kind of point positioning is the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) which counts on GNSS precise products. It is adequate for many applications that requires the decimeter level accuracy using one receiver, but requires scientific software or online services for data processing. The main challenge here is to raise the accuracy of PPP to add other applications suited to the gained accuracy. The main objective of the current study is to test different mathematical models producing positional corrections to select the best set depending on synchronized data and validate the selected model in synchronized and non-synchronized cases depending on data of two different campaigns. These corrections -produced from permanent stations- are added to the static PPP coordinates of the tested points near the permanent stations to reach the highest possible accuracy depending on GPS single frequency observations using a scientific package. The obtained results offered a synchronized average positional error reaching to 0.074m and RMSE of 0.023m in the first campaign and 0.146m with RMSE of 0.061m in the second campaign. It reaches 0.156m with RMSE of 0.074m in the best non-synchronized case. The user can raise the accuracy of single frequency static PPP when the data of four synchronized permanent stations are available in the same observational time or within 4 days before or after the observational time.
Keywords: GPS, Non-synchronized, Precise Point Positioning (PPP), Single Frequency, Synchronized.

Scope of the Article: GIS and GPS